9.1.2 Europe goes to war -TEACH-

• History
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

9.1.2: World War 1: Europe goes to war

9. The Time of World Wars

Nation, state, nationalism, ethnic group

• a nation (volk) is a group of people that feel connected because they share the same language, religion, history, culture.
  
• examples: The Dutch, The Spanish, Turks, Poles, Chinese etc.
  

• a state is the territory (with boundaries, infrastructure and a government) in which a nation lives.
  
• examples: The Netherlands, Spain, Turkey, Poland etc.

Nation, state, nationalism, ethnic group

• Nationalism: a strong love for one's own nation. The feeling that one's own nation is the best. 

• nationality: the status of belonging to a particular nation by birth or naturalization.

• Ethnic group : a group of the population that, in a larger society, is set apart and bound together because they share race, language, nationality, or culture.
  

start of the class task:

Draw the Schlieffenplan in the map.

Stick the map in your notebook, and 

add a title.

people in this lesson

Wilhelm II

emperor

German Empire

Franz Joseph II

emperor

Austria-Hungary

Gavrilo Princip

assassin

Serbia

Franz Ferdinand

crown prince

Austria-Hungary

Important dates in this lesson:

1914

June 28:       assassination of Franz Ferdinand

August 3:     Germany invades Belgium

Sept. 5 - 12: Battle of the Marne

Dec 24:        Christmas Truce

What you will learn in 

this lesson

• What happened in Sarajewo
  
• Why the murder of Franz Ferdinand was the direct cause of the war
  
• Why the Schlieffenplan failed
  
• What trench warfare is
  
• What life in the trenches was like

Use these questions to make your own summary

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie Chotek, on their state visit to Sarajevo. The illustration was published in the French newspaper Le Petit Journal on July 12, 1914.

a German soldier accepts flowers from a woman in the street. The soldiers are cheerful. It's going to be a "Frische und Fröliche Krieg"

Sandbags were filled with earth and mud, and were meant to protect the soldiers

At the beginning of the war, the rations were still reasonable, but as the war lasted longer, there was also less (good) food.

If the soldiers did not have to fight, they would, for example, play cards.

In addition to the enemy, the soldiers suffered a lot from pests, such as rats and fleas. Some soldiers passed the time between battles by killing rats.

Dogs not only kept the soldiers company, they also delivered messages between the various trenches.

Soldiers could often only sleep during the day, because at night it was a good time to spy on the trenches of the enemies.

With a periscope, the soldiers could view the enemy without taking great risks. A periscope works with mirrors.

Thousands of letters and diaries of soldiers from the First World War have been preserved. These are important and valuable resources nowadays.

For the safety of the soldiers, the trenches were zigzag-shaped.

40,000 km of trenches are being built between the North Sea and the Swiss border (Western Front).

The area between the trenches is completely plowed in four years. It's called "no man's land".

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/0/ww1/

360˚ video of a trench

During the video you can look in all directions! Try it out!

Keeping watch was one of the most important tasks you could get. There were very severe punishments for falling asleep during the watch.

Besides fighting and keeping watch, there were plenty of other annoying chores in a trench, such as replenishing sandbags, repairing barbed wire or emptying the latrines (toilets)

The Germans used the largest piece of artillery during the war, called the Pariser Kanone. They used this supergun to attack Paris from a distance of 120 kilometres. Other big cannons were ‘Fat Bertha’ and ‘Langer Max.’ All made by Krupstahl .

‘Over the top’

congratulations

congratulations

Discuss: What was this document about and how did it affect the course of the war?