Paragraph 5.3 - The French Revolution part II - part II - 2021

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Paragraph 5.3 - The French Revolution - part II - part II

14 July 1789

17 June 1789

5 May 1789

5 October 1789

20 June 1791

21 January 1793

16 October 1793

28 July 1794

4/5 August 1789

La Nuit de Sacrifices

Execution of Robbespierre

Execution of Louis XXI

Women's March on Versailles 

National Assembly formed

Execution Marie- Antionette

Flight to Varennes 

Storming of the Bastille

Esates General

What was the main reason for the French to use the guillotine as an execution method?

1. The guillotine was the most painful method to execute ‘traitors’.
2. The guillotine was used so all the French people could see the execution very clear.
3. The guillotine used decapitation as a quick and painless method of execution.
4. The guillotine sent a message to the people what would happen if they didn’t listen.

A new constitution for France

The Reign of Terror ended in 1794 because people were done with all the bloodshed and demanded a more peaceful France. However, the French Revolution did not end peacefully. Maxime Robespierre was executed on the guillotine in 1794 because of his ‘dictatorial behaviour’.

With the death of Robespierre, the Jacobines lost their leader. The political influence of the Jaobines was even more diminished when they were replaced by people with more moderate views. This new group consisted of educated people like doctors and lawyers. Together they established a new constitution called the Directoire. For the first time in its history, France had a parliament. The members of the Parliament were chosen by people who paid taxes. The Parliament had two divisions: the Council of Five Hundred and the Council of Ancients (250 members). These two councils were the legislative branch, where new laws for France were created. The 750 members appointed five directors: the executive branch.

The new constitution was inspired by...

1. Voltaire
2. Montesquieu
3. Locke
4. Smith

This idea was called...

1. the Trias Politica
2. the Three Branches
3. the Three Chambers
4. the Tri-Rule

In 1794, the Directoire was established in France. Is this an example of change or continuity?

Despite the establishment of the Directoire, the common people still 

had to face                 /                 bread prices and starvation. France seemed to be on the brink of a new revolution. Yet escalation was                      /                                because of the appearance of a new French leader: Napoleon Bonaparte. He was a general who returned to France in 1798 after he had won battles against Italy and Egypt, during the First Coalition War (1792-1797). This war was a                       /                    conflict between France and European countries that                /                  with the French Revolution. Countries like Austria, Prussia, Great Britain, Spain and the Dutch Republic                  /                      that the revolutionary ideas would affect them too. The people of France saw General Napoleon as a hero. It turned out he had big plans that would affect France in the decades to come.

low

high

caused

prevented

militairy

diplomatic

did

not

feared

hoped

Real change? 

1. A new leader 

Despite the establishment of the Directoire, the common people still had to face high bread prices and starvation. France seemed to be on the brink of a new revolution. Yet escalation was prevented because of the appearance of a new French leader: Napoleon Bonaparte. He was a general who returned to France in 1798 after he had won battles against Italy and Egypt, during the First Coalition War (1792-1797). This war was a military conflict between France and European countries that did not agree with the French Revolution. Countries like Austria, Prussia, Great Britain, Spain and the Dutch Republic feared that the revolutionary ideas would affect them too. The people of France saw General Napoleon as a hero. It turned out he had big plans that would affect France in the decades to come 

2. Make a short note on two things that stayed the same after the Directoire came into power

3. Make a short note on two things that changed after the Directoire came to power. 

What stayed the same
and what changed after the
Directoire came to power?

Homework

Make exercise 11 (WB 161)