Mastering the Present Perfect Tense

Mastering the Present Perfect Tense

Learning Objective

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to use the present perfect tense correctly and understand its meaning.

Introduce the objective and explain how it will be achieved.

What do you already know about the present perfect tense?

What is the Present Perfect Tense?

The present perfect tense is used to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and is still relevant to the present.

Introduce the tense and give examples of how it is used.

Formation of the Present Perfect Tense

The present perfect tense is formed by using the auxiliary verb 'have' (or 'has' for third-person singular subjects) followed by the past participle of the main verb.

Explain how to form the tense and give examples.

Examples of the Present Perfect Tense

I have eaten breakfast already. He has studied English for three years. They have not seen the new movie yet.

Provide more examples of the tense and encourage students to identify the verb tense.

Present Perfect vs. Simple Past

The present perfect tense is often confused with the simple past tense, which is used to describe an action that happened at a specific time in the past.

Explain the difference between the two tenses and provide examples.

Signal Words for the Present Perfect Tense

Some signal words that are often used with the present perfect tense include 'already,' 'yet,' 'just,' and 'recently.'

Introduce signal words and explain how they are used with the present perfect tense.

Time Expressions with the Present Perfect Tense

Time expressions that can be used with the present perfect tense include 'today,' 'this week,' 'this month,' 'this year,' and 'in the past.'

Provide time expressions and explain how they are used with the present perfect tense.

Interactive Exercise

Provide a sentence and ask students to identify the verb tense. Example: 'I have been to Paris.'

Engage students in an interactive exercise to reinforce learning.

Sentence Structure

Subject + auxiliary verb (have/has) + past participle of main verb

Explain the sentence structure of the present perfect tense.

Negative Sentences in the Present Perfect Tense

Negative sentences in the present perfect tense are formed by using 'not' after the auxiliary verb 'have/has.' Example: 'I have not seen the movie.'

Explain how to form negative sentences in the present perfect tense and give examples.

Questions in the Present Perfect Tense

Questions in the present perfect tense are formed by using the auxiliary verb 'have/has' before the subject. Example: 'Have you seen the movie?'

Explain how to form questions in the present perfect tense and give examples.

Irregular Past Participles

Some verbs have irregular past participles. Examples: 'eat' (eaten), 'go' (gone), 'write' (written).

Provide examples of irregular past participles and explain how they are used in the present perfect tense.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Common mistakes to avoid when using the present perfect tense include using the simple past tense instead, forgetting to use the auxiliary verb 'have/has,' and using the wrong past participle.

Warn students about common mistakes and give examples.

Summary

The present perfect tense is used to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and is still relevant to the present. It is formed using the auxiliary verb 'have/has' and the past participle of the main verb.

Summarize the lesson and emphasize key points.

Practice Exercise

Provide a paragraph with missing verbs and ask students to fill in the blanks using the present perfect tense.

Give students a practice exercise to reinforce learning.

Write down 3 things you learned in this lesson.

Have students enter three things they learned in this lesson. With this they can indicate their own learning efficiency of this lesson.

Write down 2 things you want to know more about.

Here, students enter two things they would like to know more about. This not only increases involvement, but also gives them more ownership.

Ask 1 question about something you haven't quite understood yet.

The students indicate here (in question form) with which part of the material they still have difficulty. For the teacher, this not only provides insight into the extent to which the students understand/master the material, but also a good starting point for the next lesson.