Support and locomotion 5.1 t/m 5.7

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

NAME OF BONES

They protect our heart and lungs. What are they?

1. skull bones
2. rib bones
3. brain
4. muscles

What are the names of bones:

- 5

- 6

- 8

- 11

How are the bones in your fingers and toes named?

FUNCTIONS OF YOUR BONES
What is NOT a function of your skeleton?

1. Protection
2. Movement
3. Growing
4. Giving shape

A shark has a streamlined body

1. True
2. False

What is the other word for "hoofed animal"?

This is the foot of a

1. Plantigrade
2. Unguligrade
3. Digitigrade

This is the foot of a

1. Plantigrade
2. Unguligrade
3. Digitigrade

This is the foot of a

1. Plantigrade
2. Unguligrade
3. Digitigrade

Structure of bones

Your skeleton consist of two types of tissues to support your body:

- Cartilage tissue

- Bone tissue

What is "extracellulair material"?

Components of bonematerial

Collagen > makes bone a little flexible

Calcium phosphate > makes bone strong and rigid

Which material is removed from the bone in the flame?

1. Collagen
2. Calcium phosphate

When you put a bone in hydrochloric acid (zoutzuur) the .... will dissolve

1. Calcium phosphate
2. Collagen

An elderly will break a bone easier than a young child, because a lack of collagen in the bones of an elderly

1. True
2. False

Joints = gewrichten

A type of connection between two bones

• Fused together
• Sutures (naadverbindingen)
• Cartilage
• Synovial joints

How are the ribs connected to the breastbone?

1. Synovial joint
2. Cartilage
3. Sutures
4. Fused

Cartilage

Sutures

Synovial joint

Fused together

A little movement possible

No movement

No movement

Lots of movement possible

Synovial joint

Ball-shaped bone and socket bone fit in eachother

Cartilage layer prevents from damage

Synovial fluid  lets the bones move smoothly

Joint capsules and ligaments keep the bones in place

socket bone

cartilage layer

ball-shaped bone

synovial fluid

joint capsule

ligament

Types of synovial joints

Ball and socket joint

Pivot joint

Hinge joint

Muscles are attached to the bones by tendons

2. False

Choose the antagonistic pair:

1. radius -ulna
2. biceps-triceps
3. back muscles-abdominal muscles
4. humerus-clavicle

Antagonistic muscle pairs do the opposite from eachother

1. False
2. True

Posture and movement

A good posture is important to prevent injuries like back pain

The shape of the spinal column is called

1. a single s-shape
2. a single c-shape
3. a double s-shape
4. a double c-shape

How can you lift things properly? Name one thing

Injuries

When someone has a "runners knee", which part of the knee joint is/are damaged?

1. Ligaments
2. Knee cap
3. Meniscus
4. Muscles

Name a thing you can do to prevent injuries