Week 39 Lesson 1

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 5

Welcome 

Today's programma:

• Hand out reader
• Literary devices
• Sommer Ray text
• E vocab
• Work on exercise F and finish for next class.

Goals:

• Can use new vocabulary in context
• Can find specific details in a text
• Can distinguish between different literary devices

Short stories project

Literary devices

Read the text

Alone, answer the questions for exercise F.

Freytag Pyramid

All good and interesting stories are structured in a similar way; they all have the following parts: exposition, rising action, climax, falling action and resolution.

Freytag’s pyramid shows how stories (usually) develop:

Foreshadowing

Foreshadowing is a writer’s use of hints or clues to indicate events that will occur later in the narrative. In the definition of foreshadowing, the word “hint” is key. Foreshadowing does not necessarily mean explicitly revealing what will happen later in your story. In fact, when it is used effectively, many readers may not even realize the significance of an author’s foreshadowing until the end of the story.

Setting

Writers describe the world in which their story takes place. Sights, sounds, colours and textures are all pointed in words. Much like a painter who is painting trees, lakes and mountains. The location of a narrative’s actions and the time in which it occurs, together form the setting.

Settings can add important dimensions to the narrative, and help you understand the characters. A place where a person lives and the way it looks can tell us a lot about the person who is living there; their thoughts, ideas and morals.

Conflict

Two types of conflicts,

internal and external.

Conflict

Two types of conflicts,

internal and external.

Internal → struggles from within

External → characters against smth

Conflict

3 types of external conflicts:

Character vs. character.

Character vs. society.

Character vs. nature.

Characters

All narratives have a central character or main character or in other words a protagonist. Most narratives also include one or two secondary or side characters.

 

The characters in a short story can be classified as follows:

Protagonist

Antagonist

Supporting character.

 

A story or narrative has a main character, and often one or more supporting characters. The main characters are the most important characters. There are two kinds of main characters:

 

Protagonists, they are the ‘heroes’ of the story, the one whom we are rooting for.

 

Antagonists, they are the ones who oppose the ‘heroes’ in the story. They are the ones who often hope for fails.

Theme

The theme of a book is generally considered to be the core meaning behind a story — in other words, its soul. Themes are almost always universal, and they usually illuminate something about society, human nature, and the world. This theme can be formulated by means of a sentence, or a phrase.

Symbols

Symbolism is a unifying element in an artistic work, especially any recurrent image, symbol, theme, character type, subject or narrative detail. It is a recurring narrative element with symbolic significance. If you spot a symbol, concept, or plot structure that surfaces repeatedly in the text, you’re probably dealing with a motif.

an example

An example using the Harry Potter books by J.K. Rowling:

Story: A young boy goes to wizarding school, makes friends, and tries to defeat an evil wizard.

Themes: conflict between good and evil

Motifs: Scar (destiny and the power of love), "muggle-borns" vs. "purebloods" (racism and tolerance).

E. Vocab

p. 31

Work on F

We'll discuss after 20 minutes