Moeten <> Niet hoeven

• Engels
• MBO
• Studiejaar 1-3

Must (not) & (don't) Have To

Agenda

• Have vs Have to
• Must vs Have to
• Word order with questions
• Must not vs Don't have to

Have vs Have to (present simple)

Have/has = hebben

• I have 3 sisters. 
• She has a dog. 

Have to/has to = moeten

• I have to work today. 
• He has to take a shower. 

Have vs Have to (present simple)

Have/has = hebben         ---> FOLLOWED BY A NOUN (ZNW)

• I have 3 sisters. 
• She has a dog. 

Have to/has to = moeten    ---> FOLLOWED BY A VERB (WW)

• I have to work today. 
• He has to take a shower. 

Have vs Have to (past simple)

Had = hebben (had/hadden)

• I had 3 sisters. 
• She had a dog. 

Had to = moeten (moest/moesten)

• I had to work today. 
• He had to take a shower. 

Write a sentence using the verb HAVE.

Example: I have a small apartment.

Write a sentence using the verb HAVE TO.

Example: I have to clean my small apartment.

Have to vs Must

Use have to for external obligations

• My mother says I have to be home by 9pm. --> my mother requires it
• The plane has to land because of bad weather --> weather requires it

Use must when obligation comes from speaker & for written instructions

• I must be home by 9pm. --> I require it
• You must log in to read your email. --> written directions

Have to vs Must (present simple)

Subject + MUST/HAVE TO + Verb + Rest

• I must go home now. 
• I have to work at 8:30am tomorrow. 
• We must hurry!
• She has to call her mother. 

I _______ write John a letter.
(I require it)

1. has to
2. have to
3. must

A sign says:
You _______ stop smoking!

1. has to
2. have to
3. must

My doctor says I ________ stop smoking.

1. has to
2. have to
3. must

She _____ wear a uniform at work.

1. has to
2. have to
3. must

Must vs Have to

In spoken English, you will often hear must and have to used interchangeably in the Present Simple. 

You're more likely to hear must  used in British English, and have to used in American English. 

Have Got to

You will also hear have got to used in place of have to. And typcially, you will hear the short form of have ('ve or 's)  used: 

• I've got to call my mom!
• We've got to take this train. 
• She's got to babysit tonight, so she can't come to the party. 

Past Simple & Future Simple

MUST is only used in the present simple tense. 

For the past simple and future simple tenses, use have to

• I had to go to the store yesterday. 
• I will have to go to the store tomorrow. 

***NOTE: For all subjects, use had to in the past simple and will have to in the future simple

Forming Questions

Forming Questions

MUST + Subject + VERB + Rest (Use this to sound British!)

• Must I clean my kitchen?  (I must clean my kitchen.)
• Must we wake up early?  (We must wake up early.)

Do/Does + Subject + have to + verb + Rest

• Do we have to take a test?  (We have to take a test.)
• Does she have to be so loud?! (She has to be so loud.)

Forming Questions - Past & Future Simple

Did + Subject + have to + verb + Rest

• Did we have to take a test?  (We had to take a test.)
• Did she have to be so loud?! (She had to be so loud.)

Will + Subject + have to + verb + Rest

• Will we have to take a test?  (We will have to take a test.)
• Will she have to reschedule? (She will have to reschedule.)

Rewrite the sentence as a question:

I have to wash my clothes.

Rewrite the sentence as a question:

He has to play football.

Denials/negatives 

Must vs Have to

• In statements & questions, these verbs have the same meaning. 

• HOWEVER, in denials they have very different meanings!
• Remember: denials are sentences that use not

Must not

Use for when something is not allowed. (And when you want to sound British!)

Subject + must + not + Verb + Rest

• You must not talk during the test!
• They must not be out past curfew. 

Do(es) not have to

Use for when something is not required. 

Subject + do/does + not + have to + Verb + Rest

• You do not have to work tomorrow. 
• He does not have to watch his sister tomorrow. 

You _______ use eggs in this cake. He's allergic!

1. must not
2. don't have to
3. didn't have to
4. doesn't have to

You _______ help me, but I'm glad you did!

1. must not
2. do not have to
3. did not have to
4. mustn't

You ____ check your social media at work. It's not allowed.

1. do not have to
2. did not have to
3. must not
4. does not have to

We ______ have a reservation. There are always tables available.

1. doesn't have to
2. don't have to
3. didn't have to
4. must not

Summarize what we learned! Answer:
1. What is the difference between MUST and HAVE TO?
2. What is the difference between MUST NOT and DO/DOES NOT HAVE TO?