Unit 2 lesson 4 Past simple vs past perfect

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Lessongoal

In this lesson you will learn how to form the past perfect.

You will also learn the difference between the past simple vs past perfect.

Past Perfect

De voltooid verleden tijd noemen we in de Engelse taal de past perfect. Denk bijvoorbeeld aan zinnen als: 

I had already defeated Jimmy before his parents arrived

Wanneer gebruik je de past perfect?

Je gebruikt de past perfect (had + voltooid deelwoord) wanneer je meerdere momenten in het verleden bespreekt. De past perfect gebruik je dan voor dat wat het langst geleden is en de past simple voor dat wat minder lang geleden heeft plaatsgevonden. 

Let's go back to the example...

I had defeated my friend Jimmy (het langst geleden = past perfect), before his parent arrived (minder lang geleden = past simple)

Some more examples...

• - Right after he had shouted to me, he ran away.
  
• - Before they went to the city, they had finished the game.
  
• - I planned to go on holiday, when I had heard about the cheap ticket prices.
  
• - As soon as we had finished our drinks, we went to school.
  
• - You were surprised, because you had never seen anything like this.

Hoe maak je de past perfect?

- past perfect = had + voltooid deelwoord

Regelmatige werkwoorden (to live, to work, etc.) krijgen dus -ed erachter als voltooid deelwoord.

exceptions to the rule...

Werkwoorden die eindigen op -e, krijgen alleen -d erachter:

- to bake: baked

Werkwoorden die eindigen op -c, krijgen -ked erachter:

- to panic: panicked

Werkwoorden die eindigen op -y, met een medeklinker ervoor, krijgen -ied:

- to marry: married

some more exceptions

Werkwoorden die kort zijn, één klinker in zich hebben en waarbij maar één klemtoon mogelijk is, schrijf je met een extra laatste medeklinker voor -ed:

- to swap: swapped

Werkwoorden die eindigen op een l, met één klinker ervoor krijgen een extra l:

- to travel: travelled

The last important exceptions are....irregular verbs

- had been (to be - zijn)

- had bought (to buy - kopen)

- had done (to do - doen)

- had eaten (to eat - eten)

- had felt (to feel - (zich) voelen)

- had got (to get - krijgen)

- had had (to have - hebben)

- had kept (to keep - houden)

- had made (to make - maken)

- had said (to say - zeggen)

- had seen (to see - zien)

- had told (to tell - zeggen)

- had won (to win - winnen)

- had written (to write - schrijven)

Past simple vs past perfect

When we ____ (to enter) the cinema, the film ____ (to start) already.

Past simple vs past perfect

The wind ____ (to blow) away the leaves that we ____ (to collect) .

Past simple vs past perfect

She ____ (to throw) away the letter that she ____ (to write) .

Past simple vs past perfect

He ____ (to hear) the news, ____ (to go) to the telephone and ____ (to call) a friend.

Past simple vs past perfect

Jane ____ (to already type) ten pages when her computer _____ (to crash).

Past simple vs past perfect

Before that day we ____ (to never think) of going to Japan.

Past simple vs past perfect

I ____ (to know) him for a long time before I ____ (to meet) his family.

Past simple vs past perfect

They ____ (to not know) where to meet because nobody ____ (to tell) them.

Past simple vs past perfect

It ____ (to be) cloudy for days before it finally ____ (to begin) to rain.

I now know when and how to use the Past Perfect...

😒🙁😐🙂😃

Let's get to work!

Do exercise 17 on page 76