3AT Grammar: past perfect (continuous)

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 5

Past Perfect (continuous)

Today

Class work

- Explanation past perfect

- Explanation past perfect continuous

Individually 

- Check work

- Practise grammar 

Goals

You can use the  past perfect 

You can use the past perfect continuous 

Past perfect

I had written articles on various topics before he came.

He had read different kinds of books before you came.

They had played football in that field before it started to rain.

She had gone to the coffee shop before she came home.

He had studied in the library before he came to the class.

Past perfect

When to use the tense?

1. Something was already finished before something else happened

        When he got to the gate, the plane had taken off.

        I watched TV after I had done my homework.

2. Something was already going on for a while before something else happened

        When I started my studies, I had worked in a bar for two years.

        They had known each other for six years when they got married.

Past perfect

When to use the tense?

3. In conditional sentences (if-sentences) 

         If they had left earlier, they might have caught the plane.

4. In indirect speech (indirecte rede) 

         He told me (that) he hadn’t seen her. 

Past perfect

How to use the tense?

Regular sentence: had + past participle (verb + ed / irregular verbs) 

I had walked / I had built

You had walked / You had built

He had walked / He had built

She had walked / She had built

It had walked / It had built

They had walked / They had built

We had walked / We had built

You had walked / You had built

Past perfect

How to use the tense?

Question: had + subject + past participle

Had I walked...? 

Had you walked...? 

Had he walked...? 

Had she walked...? 

Had it walked...? 

Had they walked...? 

Had we walked...? 

Had you  walked...? 

Past perfect

How to use the tense?

Negation: had not + past participle

I had not walked / I hadn't walked

You had not walked / You hadn't walked

He had not walked / He hadn't walked

She had not walked / She hadn't walked

It had not walked / It hadn't walked

They had not walked / They hadn't walked

We had not walked / They hadn't walked

You had not walked / You hadn't walked

Past perfect continuous

They had been talking for over an hour before Tony arrived.

She had been working at that company for three years when it went out of business.

How long had you been waiting to get on the bus?

Mike wanted to sit down because he had been standing all day at work.

James had been teaching at the university for more than a year before he left for Asia.

Past perfect continuous

When to use the tense?

Something was already finished before something else happened. Emphasis on the duration of this event. 

            He had been playing guitar since he was ten years old.

            We had been waiting for an hour when he finally arrived.

Past perfect continuous

How to use the tense?

Regular sentence: had + been + verb + ing

I had been walking

You had been walking

He had been walking

She had been walking

It had been walking

They had been walking

We had been walking

You had been walking

Past perfect continuous

How to use the tense?

Question: had + subject + been + verb + ing

Had I been walking...? 

Had you been walking...? 

Had he been walking...? 

Had she been walking...? 

Had it been walking...? 

Had they been walking...? 

Had we been walking...? 

Had you been walking...? 

Past perfect continuous

How to use the tense?

Negation: had not been + verb + ing

I had not been walking / I hadn't been walking

You had not been walking/ You hadn't been walking

He had not been walking/ He hadn't been walking

She had not been walking/ She hadn't been walking

It had not been walking/ It hadn't been walking

They had not been walking/ They hadn't been walking

We had not been walking/ They hadn't been walking

You had not been walking/ You hadn't been walking

What to do? 

- Check work previous lesson

- Do exercises about past perfect and past perfect continuous

Finished?

• Go to Quizlet and study the SLL wordlist 
• Extra practise exercises at the end of this Lesson Up 

End of the class

So far, we have practised:

- simple present

- present continuous

- present perfect

- present perfect continuous

- future

- simple past

- past continuous

- past perfect

- past perfect continuous 

Next class: review present, future  and past tenses

Homework: finish the exercises, study the words 

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