H4 unit 3 Gerund + present perfect continuous

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

The Gerund

P3 rules

• Niet meer naar de wc aan het begin van de les.
• Niet zomaar gaan lopen zonder te vragen.
• Niet eten in de les.
• Boek + boekje ligt niet in kluisje maar is gewoon mee.
• Drinken mag maar vraag het.
• Sta je een onvoldoende is huiswerk altijd af, anders nakomen.
• Sta je tussen de 5,0 en 7,4 normale regels.
• Boven de 8 eigen verantwoordelijkheid.

Gerund

Gerund

Using the '-ing vorm' as a noun:

 1. As the subject of the sentence:

Example: Biking in the mall is forbidden. 

2. After the prepositions, about, without, to, from, for, on, of.

Example: She's fond of cycling.

3. After verbs that indiciate how you feel or think about something. (like, love, hate, enjoy, etc.)

Example: I love going to the movies. 

Gerund 

You use the '-ing vorm' as a  Noun

1. After Verbs that indicate 'start(begin)', 'end(eind)', or 'continuation (doorgaan)'. (start, begin, finish, go on, etc.)

    Example: Everybody had finished writing. 

2. After certain other verbs. (delay, postpone, put off, imagine, consider, avoid, etc) 

       Example: I put off learning vocabulary for a whole week.

3. After a few expression. (it's no good, it's no use, it's worth, can't help, to be busy, etc)

     Example: She can't help singing all day long. 

Leer al deze werkwoorden en uitdrukkingen op blz. 64 en 65 van je kleine boekje

Exceptions

Na onderstaande werkwoorden kan je ook het hele werkwoord met 'to' gebruiken.

1. Start
   
2. Begin
3. Continue 
4. Like
5. Love
6. Hate
7. Prefer

Bijvoorbeeld: I hate getting up early / I hate to get up early. (de betekenis is hetzelfde)

....(sing) in English is easy.

I love ... (watch) movies

That new novel from Sadie Bishop isn't worth ... (read)

I'm looking forward to ... (invite) you to my party.

I am considering ... (kill) my hamster

They suddenly stopped ... (talk).

Present perfect continuous

Form:

have / has + been + verb + ing

Emphasises how long something takes.(Duration)

Example: How long have you been waiting? 

Just like the present perfect there is link met het HEDEN!

Present perfect 

- Does not emphasise duration.

I have had a cat. 

- Emphasis is on the result

Example

He has just walked 10 km and he is still tired

Present perfect continuous

- Emphasises duration

I have been living here since 2 years, but never went to Rotterdam.

- Emphasis is on the activity

Example

He has been walking marathons since he was 9 and he always wins.

Use present perfect continuous. We ................(work) on this assignment for ages.

Use the present perfect continuous. The teacher ................(talk) for 35 minutes.

DO: unit 3 

Homework for friday:

Exercise 11 + 12 from unit 3.2

StudyoGo 3.2 both lists 

Thursday we are going to practice reading