YV4- scientific skills

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Scientific skills

Name some research skills

Preparation

Execution

Analysis

Formulating research question

Formulating hypothesis

Designing research plan

Repeats

Precision

Objectivity

Drawing graphs

Reading tables/diagrams

Drawing conclusion

Preparation

• Research usually starts with a question: the research question
• Goal of the research is to answer the question

Hypothesis

Expected answer to the research question

Often seen formats:

-Cause and effect: If....., then...

- Correlation: ....has a positive effect on...

- Differences: comparing two or more groups

Research plan

Different types of research:

Describing : collect data by observing

Experimental : testing hypothesis with experiment

- Control group

Developing : develop material/model/method

Designing experimental research

1. Determine variable to be experimentally changed
2. Design multiple groups:
   - Vary the variable between the groups
   - Try to include control group (eliminate variable)
   - Keep all other variables constant
3. Explain what will be measured, when, and how

Analysis results

• Displaying results in tables and graphs
• Drawing conclusion from results
• Comparing conclusion with hypothesis and analyse differences

What are common mistakes with graphs?

How would you improve this graph?