Poetry revision and intro to metaphors, similes and personification

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Poetry

The Melting Peanut Butter

Wonderful

Fear

Are you afraid of peanut butter?

Ehm Ehm hahahaha

It’s delicious

Soft. Anything else? That’s it

No, brown

Never eat peanut butter

Allergy Allergy help me

Poetry revision:
Please write down what you still remember from the previous lessons on poetry!

Poetry revision:
What makes a poem a poem according to you?

Poetry

METAPHORS                             SIMILES                    PERSONIFICATION

Lesson Objective:

You can recognise metaphors, similes and personification in a text.

Metaphor

• Imagery (beeldspraak)
• A comparison without using 'like' or 'as'


• Does not literally mean what it states
  E.g.
• Right before confronting her teacher she got cold feet.
• She became afraid and did not want to do it anymore.
• All the world is a stage (is a famous quote by Shakespeare)
• Here the world is compared to a stage with actors on it, life is just a play

What is a 'metaphor' in this poem?

Simile

• Comparison using 'like' or 'as.'

• The dark clouds covered the city like a thick black blanket.
• School is like hell. 

What is a 'simile' in this poem?

Personification

• When something that's not human/inanimate is given human characteristics
  
  

• I love my thesaurus, which always helps me when I need to find a more academic word! 
  
• The sun tiptoed across the mountain top.

What is a 'personification' in this poem?

Revision

Make a really original poem with a metaphor or a personification or a simile. Max. 3 lines! No other conventions...;-)

Poetry: use of sound

alliteration

consonance 

assonance

rhyme (full, half, eye, internal and external)

onomatopoeia

Read the following first lines from this poem: what do you notice in the sound patterns?

sound 

alliteration: fought fiercly

assonance: the fat cat sat

consonance: we slowly hissed along the polished ice

onomatopoeia: 'bang!' 'miauw'

rhyme: mat / sat

structure

stanza

lines

form

rhyme scheme

enjambment

Stanza

2 lines: couplet

3 lines: tercet

4 lines: quatrain

5 lines: quintain

6 lines: sestet

7 lines: septet

8 lines: octave

Types of rhyme

external rhyme: rhyme at the end of a line in poetry

internal rhyme: rhyming words within a line of poetry

full rhyme: words at the end of a line on poetry that match exactly in sound: cat / mat

half rhyme: words that almost rhyme:   moon / run

eye rhyme/visual rhyme:  love / bough / tough

enjambment

Enjambment is the continuation of a sentence or clause across a line break. 

For example, the poet John Donne uses enjambment in his poem 

"The Good-Morrow" when he continues the opening sentence across the line break between the first and second lines: 

I wonder, by my troth, what thou and I

Did, till we loved?

The Road Not Taken 

BY ROBERT FROST

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,

And sorry I could not travel both

And be one traveler, long I stood

And looked down one as far as I could

To where it bent in the undergrowth;

Then took the other, as just as fair,

And having perhaps the better claim,

Because it was grassy and wanted wear;

Though as for that the passing there

Had worn them really about the same,

I shall be telling this with a sigh

Somewhere ages and ages hence:

Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—

I took the one less traveled by,

And that has made all the difference.kst

And both that morning equally lay

In leaves no step had trodden black.

Oh, I kept the first for another day!

Yet knowing how way leads on to way,

I doubted if I should ever come back.

I shall be telling this with a sigh

Somewhere ages and ages hence:

Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—

I took the one less traveled by,

And that has made all the difference.

POEM ANALYSIS

*The 5Ws

* In imagery, sound and structure, what techniques are used to what effect?

*What is the message of the poem/what is driving the poem?

Now using all of the things we learned in poetry: make a short analysis of the poem "the Road not Taken" Divide your analysis in 3 sections: imagery, sound and structure and comment on all three sections.