Lesson 3.4 Modals

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Use: 'must', 'have to' or 'should'
'You look tired. You .... go to bed.'

Modals

Voordat je gaat lezen

• Bekijk de titel van de tekst.
  
• Kijk naar de de plaatjes bij de tekst.
  
• Bestudeer de tussenkopjes : cursief, vetgedrukt of GROTER gedrukt. 
• Bekijk de opdracht zodat je kunt bepalen hoe je gaat lezen.
  

Tijdens het lezen lezen

• Ga op zoek naar de rode draad  van het verhaal
• Lees eerst een keer globaal >  zoek  GEEN woorden op
  
• Lees nog een keer en probeer iedere alinea voor jezelf samen te vatten  > zoek zonodig woorden op 
  
• Kijk naar de vragen en ga die gericht beantwoorden
  

Exercises 1, 2 , 3, 4, 5, 6  page 106 / 107

Modals

Can/Could

Beide vallen onder de categorie Hulpwerkwoorden 

Gebruik Can  voor:

- iemand vragen iets te doen. 

- vragen of iets mag 

- zeggen dat iemand iets kan

Of course she can speak English, she is British

You can always google if you are not sure

Can/Could

Beide vallen onder de categorie Hulpwerkwoorden 

Gebruik Could  voor:

- zou kunnen ( iets is mogelijk). 

-  beleefd vragen of iets mag 

- zeggen dat iemand iets  kon ( VT)

-  advies geven

Sorry miss, I couldn't do my homework yesterday

To be allowed to / to be able to

Beide vallen onder de categorie Hulpwerkwoorden 

Gebruik  to be able to  voor:

- kunnen / in staat zijn 

(vooral wanneer je can/could niet kunt gebruiken)

- in combinatie met will / won't ( toekomstige tijd)

I won't be able to make it on time 

To be allowed to / to be able to

Beide vallen onder de categorie Hulpwerkwoorden 

Gebruik  to be allowed to  voor:

- mogen / toestemming hebben

(vooral wanneer je can/could niet kunt gebruiken)

I will never be allowed to go that party next Saturday. 

Can/could you play tennis when you were younger?

1. can
2. could

can/could
We............phone Tony. Maybe he can help us out.

1. can
2. could
3. can't
4. couldn't

(netjes) Vraag aan iemand:
Can/could you show me the way?

1. Can
2. Could

Choose: can - could - to be able to

Our dog ____ jump over high fences.

1. can
2. is able to
3. are able to
4. could

Choose: can - could - to be able to

How long ______ hold your breath?

1. could you
2. are you able to
3. can you
4. is you able to

Zou kunnen: they can/could tell you if you behave nicely.

1. Can
2. Could

What do you use when you're asking something extra politely?

1. can
2. could
3. to be able to
4. to be allowed to

I will never ...run as fast as an Olympic athlete.

1. to be allowed to
2. can
3. could
4. be able to

....you pass me the sugar?

1. to be allowed to
2. can
3. could
4. to be able to

Grammar time!

Goal:

At the end of this class, 

I understand the difference 

between can and could and 

should, must, have to

Speaking with Modals

 Name three things you could do when you were younger but can’t do anymore.

 Is there anything you can do better than your parents?

 Is there anything you can’t do and would like to learn?

What advice would you give to new students?

What are some things that you have to do every day?

have to / must / should

• Have to: geeft aan dat iets noodzakelijk is.
  I have to leave now, I have another class .
• Must: formeler en dwingender (wetten/ bevel/ regels).
  You must leave the premises right away!
• Must: het kan niet anders,
  You must be exhausted after that long walk.
• Must: things you have to do according to yourself (have to kan soms ook) I must  stop using so much sugar in my tea.

Should / Shall:

Should 

To give advice: 

Shall

To make a prediction, promises, the probability for a future action, and future suggestions. Often used with "I" and "We". Can often be replaced with 'will'. 

Fill in: must / have to / should
Peter …  rewrite his essay yesterday.

All passengers (have to / must / should) switch off their phone before boarding the plane.

Fill in: must / have to / should 
You .. (had moeten) told your teacher that you had lost your book! 

Use: 'must', 'have to' or 'should'
'You .... not believe everything you read on Facebook.'

You (have to / must / should) be at least 18 to get your driver’s licence.

You -not(have to/ should/ must) be present today, we can manage.

must

ought to

should

have to

Hulpwerkwoorden

Could

Could is de verleden tijd van can . Maar ook als iets is mogelijk in de toekomst!

 You could see the whole city from here. (Je kon de hele stad zien vanaf hier.) 

I could help you.(Ik zou je kunnen helpen)

Can

Can gebruik je als iets mogelijk of toegestaan is. Ook gebruik je can als iemand iets kan doen. 

 Can you talk to her tomorrow? (Kun je morgen met haar praten?).

You can use my bike if you want.

Gebruik

She can sing in a band. 

She could sing in a band. 

She should sing in a band.

She has to sing in a band.

Na een modal verb komt er geen +s achter het werkwoord. Je gebruikt het hele werkwoord.  Behalve met Have to

Modal Verbs: can/could/should/have to

HULPWERKWOORDEN

Advies: SHOULD --> you should go to a doctor

Beleefdheid: COULD --> Could you help me, please?

Zou kunnen: COULD --> I could be late tomorrow.

Vaardigheid: CAN --> My mum can speak French

Verplichting: HAVE TO --> You have to hand in your weapon.

Can / could

Can

- To show ability - ask for permission - express doubt - show astonishment 

Could

- Past abilities - Past possibilities for something that will never be known 

examples with these words?

To be able to:

Be able to

When someone Is able to do something, meaning they have the ability to do it and they did/can do it.

examples with these words?