P2W1 - Present simple & present continuous

• English
• Secundair onderwijs

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The aim of this lesson is to correctly form and use the present simple and present continuous in sentences.

The present simple tense

Use

We use the present simple tense to talk about:

1. facts / general facts / truths / permanent situations;

2. routines / habits (+ e.g. normally, usually, often, every Tuesday);

3. actions going on now  with stative verbs;

4. future timetables (+ e.g. at 10 a.m., tomorrow, this evening);

5. future in time clauses (+ e.g. until, when, as soon as, after, before);

6. instructions / directions.

What is a stative verb?

Tip: see, smell, think, agree, remember, want, ...

Stative verbs / Non-continuous verbs

These verbs express a state rather than an action.

Senses: hear, see, smell, look, seem, sound

Opinion: believe, consider, like, love, hate, prefer, think, ...

Possession: have, own, belong, ...

But also: agree, be, depend, need, mean, remember, realise, recognise, seem, want, ...

This example sentence expresses a(n)...

The sun IS hot.

1. fact / general fact / truth / permanent situation
2. routine / habit
3. action going on now
4. future timetable

This example sentence expresses a(n)...

I BELIEVE Lili is turning 16 today.

1. fact / general fact / truth / permanent situation
2. routine / habit
3. action going on now
4. future in time clauses

This example sentence expresses a(n)...

Aaron VISITS his grandmother every Saturday.

1. fact / general fact / truth / permanent situation
2. routine / habit
3. action going on now
4. future timetable

This example sentence expresses a(n)...

When Sander FINISHES his meal, he will watch a movie.

1. fact / general fact / truth / permanent situation
2. routine / habit
3. action going on now
4. future in time clauses

Positive sentences, negative sentences and questions

Positive sentence: 

He agrees with me.

Negative sentence:

He doesn't agree with me.

Question:

Does he agree with me?

Can you turn this positive sentence into a negative sentence?
Maxine lives near Maud.

Can you turn this positive sentence into a question?

Maxine lives near Maud.

Forming the present simple tense

Exceptions: 

'To be' has no auxiliary in the negative form and in questions.

'To have' is irregular in the positive form. (she/he/it has)

Subject	Positive	Negative	Question
1st p. sing. 2nd p. sing. 3rd p. sing.	I feel happy. You feel happy. He/She/It feels happy.	I do not feel happy. You do not feel happy. He/She/It does not feel happy.	Do I feel happy? Do you feel happy? Does he/she/it feel happy?
1st p. plur. 2nd p. plur. 3rd p. plur.	We feel happy. You feel happy. They feel happy.	We do not feel happy. You do not feel happy. They do not feel happy.	Do we feel happy? Do you feel happy? Do they feel happy?
RULE	Subject + base of verb BUT: 3rd p. sing. -> +s	Subject + do not / does not + base of verb BUT: 3rd p. sing. -> does not	Do/does + subject + base of verb BUT: 3rd p. sing. -> does

The SHIT rule

3rd p. sing. -> She, He, It

Add an 's' after the base form of the verb!

I think, you think, she thinkS

Choose the right verb:

__________ Luka __________ in Germany?

1. do - live
2. does - live
3. do - lives
4. does - lives

Choose the right verb:

Yesterday, my cat ran away.
I _________ _________ it will come back.

1. don't - think
2. doesn't - think
3. don't - thinks
4. doesn't - thinks

Choose the right verb:

__________ Rik _________ his beard every Saturday morning?

1. do - trim
2. does - trims
3. do - trims
4. does - trim

Irregular verbs (3rd p. sing.)

Irregular verbs in English in the present tense follow very simple rules. The only change that is made to these verbs is in the third person – for 'he', 'she' or 'it'.

Irregular verbs (3rd p. sing.)

1. If the verb ends in SS, X, CH, SH or the letter O, we add + ES in the third person.

kiss - kisses

fax - faxes

watch - watches

wash - washes

go - goes

Irregular verbs (3rd p. sing.)

2. If the verb ends in a Consonant + Y, we remove the Y and + IES in the third person.

carry - carries

cry - cries

Fill in the blanks!

Bas _________ his teacher of English. (to miss)

Fill in the blanks!

_________ Emmy ________ her phone with her all the time? (to carry)

Fill in the blanks!

The cab driver _________ everytime he sees a red light. (to cry)

The present continuous tense

Use

We use the present continuous tense to talk about:

1. (unfinished) actions going on now;

2. changing situations;

3. temporary situations/habits (+ e.g. at the moment, for two weeks, these days);

4. definite future plans or arrangements (+ e.g. tomorrow, later, at 7 a.m.);

5. something new and in contrast with a previous state (+ e.g. these days, nowadays);

6. repeated actions (+ e.g. always).

What about stative / non-continuous verbs?

Some verbs can be both stative and dynamic.

For example:

- to be;

- to think;

- to have;

- to see;

- to taste.

This example sentence expresses a(n)...

Tomorrow, Kaat is meeting up with Lot.

1. an (unfinished) action going on now
2. a changing situation
3. a definite future plan or arrangement
4. a repeated action

This example sentence expresses a(n)...

Be quiet. The children are sleeping.

1. an (unfinished) action going on now
2. a changing situation
3. a definite future plan or arrangement
4. a repeated action

This example sentence expresses a(n)...

He's constantly worrying about everything.

1. an (unfinished) action going on now
2. a changing situation
3. a definite future plan or arrangement
4. a repeated action

Positive sentences, negative sentences and questions

Positive sentence: 

Speedy is running around in circles.

Negative sentence:

Speedy is not running around in circles.

Question:

Is Speedy running around in circles?

Can you turn this positive sentence into a negative sentence?

These days most people are using emails instead of writing letters.

Can you turn this positive sentence into a question?

These days most people are using emails instead of writing letters.

Forming the present continuous tense

Subject	Positive	Negative	Question
1st p. sing. 2nd p. sing. 3rd p. sing.	I am listening. You are listening. He/She/It is listening.	I am not listening. You are not listening. He/She/It is not listening.	Am I listening? Are you listening? Is he/she/it listening?
1st p. plur. 2nd p. plur. 3rd p. plur.	We are listening. You are listening. They are listening.	We are not listening. You are not listening. They are not listening.	Are we listening? Are you listening? Are they listening?
RULE	Subject + to be in present simple + verb in -ing form	Subject + to be negative in present simple + verb in -ing form	To be in present simple + subject + verb in -ing form

Spelling of the -ing form

Verb	Rule	Example
talk	base + -ing
taste	If the base ends in -e, drop the -e and add -ing.
hit	If the one-syllable base ends in a consonant + vowel + consonant, then double the consonant and add -ing.
eat	If the one-syllable base ends in a vowel + vowel + consonant (VVC), just add -ing.
begin	If the base ends in a vowel + consonant with stress on the final syllable, then double the consonant and add -ing.
die	If the base ends in -ie, then drop the -ie and add -ing!
study	If the base ends in -w, -x and -y, do not double the last consonant. Just add -ing.
visit	If the base has more than one syllable, ends in a consonant and the stress is NOT on the final syllable, do not double the consonant. Just add -ing.	visit-ing
travel expel	If the base ends in a consonant + vowel + 'L': UK: double the 'L'; USA: just add -ing, unless the last syllable is stressed.	travel-l-ing (UK) travel-ing (USA) expel-l-ing (UK & USA)

What is the ing-form of TO TALK?

What is the ing-form of TO TASTE?

What is the ing-form of TO HIT?

What is the ing-form of TO EAT?

What is the ing-form of TO BEGIN?

What is the ing-form of TO DIE?

What is the ing-form of TO STUDY?

What is the ing-form of TO VISIT?

What is the ing-form of TO TRAVEL?

What is the ing-form of TO EXPEL?

Spelling of the -ing form

Verb	Rule	Example
talk	base + -ing	talk-ing
taste	If the base ends in -e, drop the -e and add -ing.	tast-ing
hit	If the one-syllable base ends in a consonant + vowel + consonant, then double the consonant and add -ing.	hit-t-ing
eat	If the one-syllable base ends in a vowel + vowel + consonant (VVC), just add -ing.	eat-ing
begin	If the base ends in a vowel + consonant with stress on the final syllable, then double the consonant and add -ing.	begin-n-ing
die	If the base ends in -ie, then drop the -ie and add -ing!	d-y-ing
study	If the base ends in -w, -x and -y, do not double the last consonant. Just add -ing.	study-ing
visit	If the base has more than one syllable, ends in a consonant and the stress is NOT on the final syllable, do not double the consonant. Just add -ing.	visit-ing
travel expel	If the base ens in a consonant + vowel + 'L': UK: double the 'L'; USA: just add -ing, unless the last syllable is stressed.	travel-l-ing (UK) travel-ing (USA) expel-l-ing (UK & USA)

Fill in the blank!

I ______________ for two months. (to travel)

1. am traveling
2. am travelling
3. am traveling / am travelling

Fill in the blank!

She can't call right now. She _____________ with her sister.

1. is drawing
2. is drawwing

Fill in the blank!

I ___________ my grandmother later today.

1. am visiting
2. am visitting

Fill in the blank!

Don't believe her. She ___ always ________!

1. is lieing
2. is liying
3. is lyeing
4. is lying

Now: 10 minute test!