11.3 Pregnancy

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Planning

• Test knowledge
• Instruction 11.3

• Homework
• End of class

Learning objectives

You will learn how a baby grows during pregnancy, how birth takes place and how twins are formed.

11.3 Pregnancy

15 seconden per vraag!

7 questions (30 sec per question)

What does a condom prevent?

1. pregnancy
2. STI
3. Ejaculation
4. A and B

An IUD prevents:

1. sperm cells to reach the ovaries
2. Prevents implantation and maturing of the egg cell
3. Prevents STI's
4. Prevents division of embryonic cells

Which contraceptive do you see in the picture?

1. An IUD with hormones
2. Contraceptive implant
3. Contraceptive patch

Hormones in the morning-after pill
prevent...

1. Ejaculation
2. Implantation
3. Ovulation
4. Menstruation

What technique do you see in the picture?

1. amniocentesis
2. ultrasound
3. Ultrasound with CVS
4. chorionic villus sampling

Ovulation

Fertilisation

Cell division

Implantation

The baby changes

Embryonic phase = the first twelve weeks of pregnancy

Fetus = the unborn child from the twelfth week of pregnancy

After 20 weeks the mom gets a round belly

Growth of a baby inside the uterus

Placenta  = tissue with blood vessels of the baby and the mother (works as a filter).

Umbilical vein (navelstrengader) = carries nutrients and oxygen from the mother to the embryo.

Umbilical arteries (navelstrengslagaders) carry waste products from the baby to the mother.

Alcohol, drugs, rubella virus and nicotine can pass the placenta

The effects of harmfull substances

Congenital abnormalities

In 1/10 pregnancies, something goes wrong in the first 12 weeks

Miscarriage

Child birth

Labour pains = contraction of the muscles in the uterine wall; the cervix opens due to contractions

Engaging = the baby comes to lie head down in the woman's pelvis

After 40 weeks: delivery of the baby

Child birth

Dilation

The contractions open up the cervix. Right before or after dilation the amniotic sac breaks and amniotic fluid drains out through the vagina.

Pushing the baby out (delivery)

Pushing starts when the cervix is fully dilated to 10 cm. Strong contractions push out the baby through the cervix and the vagina.

Delivering the placenta

 One or more contractions push out the placenta with the amniotic sac and the remains of the umbilical cord.

Breech position and transverse position

Before birth, the baby is not always head down in front of the cervix.

Breech position =before delivery the baby is positioned with its bottom towards the cervix instead of its head

Transverse position =before delivery the baby is positioned crosswise towards the cervix instead of with its head

Cesarean section (C-section)= during a surgical procedure a doctor delivers the baby from the uterus via the belly

Twins

Identical (monozygotic) twins = develop from one fertilised egg cell; the babies always have the same gender

Fraternal (dizygotic twins= develop from two fertilised egg cells

What?	Make: 11.3 make all assignments except repeat questions and work sheet questions
How?	In your (online) book. You do worksheet assignments in your notebook. Conferring in a whisper or listening to music.
Help?	Put your hand up. If you don't listen to music, you can also consult with your neighbour.
Time?	15 minuten
Finished?	Make a summary or mind map of sections 11.1 and 11.2
Output	When you're done, you've completed your homework! Now you know more about the fabric.

Let's discuss the lesson!

Don't pack your bags yet!

What did you learn today?

When de bell rings:

- Pull up your chairs

- Don't forget your phone