TV2B U5+6 Grammar Revision

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 1,2

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I hope everyone is doing well! 

We can always meet in a Google Meet 

Today: Grammar revision

Today (google meet for questions)

Grammar Revision

Unit 5+6 + explanation last grammar item unit 6

First conditional

Second conditional

Modals of Obligation, Prohibition, Permission

The passive

Last grammar item: have/get something done

Let's start with a few questions

Which of these mean the same as 'permission'

1. No choice
2. Forbidden
3. Allowed
4. Prohibited

Which of these means the same as 'prohibition'

1. Optional
2. Forbidden
3. Allowed

Which of these means the same as 'obligation'

1. No choice
2. Optional
3. Forbidden

First conditional

Second conditional

Modals of obligation

Modals of permission

Modals of prohibition

Modal that expresses that something is optional

Can - may

May not - mustn't - can't 

Must - have to 

They would get bored if they had to stay home that long.

Don't have to

If you study the verb tenses really hard, you will know them by heart and use them correctly.

• One sentence
• Two clauses

- If clause: if + present simple

- Main clause: will + infinitive*

Usage: to talk about a real or very likely situation 

• One sentence
• Two clauses

- If clause: if + past simple

- Main clause: would + infinitive

Usage: to talk about imaginary, unlikely situations (hypothetical)

First Conditonal

Second Conditional

*Infinitive = whole verb (without to). Examples: 'be,' 'go,' 'make,' 'study,' etc

Usage: to talk about a real or very likely situation 

Usage: to talk about imaginary, unlikely situations (hypothetical)

First Conditonal

Second Conditional

Modals

You can study these - just study the rules here:

• Your notebook
• Grammar and reference 5.2 in the online workbook

If they had enough money, they
(to buy) a new car.

Walter
(to help) his mother in the garden if she reads him a story this evening.

Our teacher will be happy if we
(to learn) the poem by heart.

She would get 100 pounds if she
(to sell) this old shelf.

Any questions about this?
Otherwise, let's move on to unit 6.

Present simple

Present continuous

Past simple

Past continuous

Present perfect

Past perfect

Future simple

They like going on holiday. 

She hasn't seen him yet. 

By the time he arrived, we had already finished the work.

They got bored. 

At 3 p.m. I was reading my novel.

My cat jumps on my lap every time I am typing an answer. 

Next time I will be better prepared.

Present simple p

Present continuous p

Past simple p

Past continuous p

Present perfect p

Past perfect p

Future simple p

The new measurements will be announced soon.

She has been given a leave of absence. 

By the time he arrived, the work had been finished.

We were given new puzzles to solve.

When she was walking down the street, she had no idea she was being watched. 

The kitchen is being cleaned so I cannot make a sandwich.

He is loved.

How can/should I know this?

There is not much to understand about it. If you do not know this, it is not in your head. All you can do is memorise it. Use your notes or 'grammar and reference' in the online workbook. You can also consult the 'extra help' page on classroom.

• She was already being helped (by someone else) so I decided not to help her. 
• They were disliked (by everyone) because of their lame jokes. 
• The birthday cake had already been eaten by the time we arrived, unfortunately.
• A vaccine against the corona virus will hopefully be developed soon.
• I have already been told about that so you don't have to repeat it again now.

Grammar Explanation

We use the passive tense or 'get/have something done' when we are more interested in the action than the person performing the action or we do not know, do not want to show or do not care who performs the action.

   Action > Subject

Subject = ?

Look at sentences

- Focus on that she was already being helped = action

- Focus on that they were disliked = action

- Focus on development of vaccine = action

- Focus on having been told = action

Active - Passive

(Subject)             (Present Perfect)        (Object)

                                      (Object)          (Present Perfect Pasive)      (by + original subject)

She    has helped     him.

He   has been helped   by her.

Active:

Passive:

Active -> Passive

Present Simple P: am/is/are + past participle 

Present Continuous P: am/is/are being + past participle 

Past Simple P: was/were + past participle 

Past Continuous P: was/were being + past participle 

Present Perfect P: has/have been + past participle 

Past Perfect P: had been + past participle 

Future Simple P: will be + past participle 

Active -> Passive examples

She likes cake

They ate cake a lot when they were younger

He has eaten too much cake

We had ordered seafood

Grammar Explanation

Pay attention: somebody else is reparing my shoes for me! Or fixing my car for me, or something else. We use it to say that we are using a service (which we then often pay for, of course)

   

Get + object + past participle 

Have + object + past participle

Have = formal occassions

Get = (more informal occassions)

The expression have/get something done can be used to say that somebody else is doing something for you. 

(to get) + object + past participle of a verb

(to have) + object + past participle of a verb

• I got my shoes repaired (last week).
• I have got my shoes repaired. 
• I am having my shoes repaired (at the moment).
• I was getting my shoes repaired (when my uncle also walked into the shoe repair shop).
• I had got my shoes repaired (by the time I saw her again).  
• etc....

Have/get something done - examples

1. Lucy's at the optician at the moment. She (.) her eyes tested.
2. Paul went to the garage yesterday. He (.) his motorbike repaired there. 
3. (Is the house being professionally cleaned?) (.) we (.) the house professionally cleaned? 
4. (Someone will be painting our fence later.) We (.) our fence painted later on. 
5. (Carla's husband had asked the hotel to put flowers and chocolate in the room before their arrival.) Carla's husband (.) flowers and chocolates put in the room before their arrival. 
6. Jane and Liz have done something very patriotic. They (.) their nails painted in red, white and blue. 

How can/should I know this?

There is not much to understand about it. If you do not know this, it is not in your head. All you can do is memorise it.

Which questions do you still have for me?

This lesson and the instructions were

1. Clear
2. Unclear

End of Lesson

This is it for today. HW for next week Thursday:

1. learn the first and second conditonal structures by heart
2. memorise the different modal verbs and their meaning
3. learn the active and passive tenses by heart
4. study have+something+done by heart

Questions? Feedback for me? Stick around (if we have time left) or email me!