TEST HIS CH 1 + 2 what-to-learn

• History
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Dictionary E-D allowed

Tip: learn the summaries, then read the lesson texts 2 or 3 times

Test subjects:

1.1      Renaissance

1.2      start Age of Discoveries

1.3      discovery of America

2.1/2.2 Humanism and Reformation (2.1 VWO only)

2.3     prelude Dutch Revolt

HISTORY test CH 1 + 2

Wednesday Sept 18th

What to learn:

Of all the above-mentioned lessons: 

• your summaries

• important people

• important dates (only yellow ones!!)

• maps (only the relevant information in them)

• key words

• notes (notebook), including handouts

• typical aspects Age 5 (see LU 1.1 or TB)

• video questions

 

Not to learn:

• The full texts in the LU or your textbook. (although it is advisable to read them a couple of times)

• Sources / pictures

5. 

The Time of 

Discoverers and Reformers

1.1  The Renaissance 

5. 

The Time of 

Discoverers and Reformers

Lesson 1.1: The Renaissance

people in this lesson

Leonardo da Vinci

Johannes Gutenberg

Michelangelo

Nicolaus Copernicus

Important dates in this lesson:

1450: Johannes Gutenberg invents printing press

1453: Ottomans conquer Constantinople

1503: da Vinci starts painting the Mona Lisa

1543: Copernicus publishes his theory of a sun centered universe

Word Duty

KEY WORDS

Antiquity: the time of the Greeks and Romans (Dutch: de (Klassieke) Oudheid)

scholar: a person who studies a subject in great detail. (Dutch: geleerde)

Homo Universalis: a person who is an expert in many different fields 

(for example: painting, sculpting, maths and anatomy).

Renaissance: a period in history that is seen as the rebirth of antiquity.

Memento Mori: Latin for 'remember that you will die'; the motto during the Middle Ages.

Worldview: the way a person interprets events in the world.

Carpe Diem: Latin for 'seize the day'; the motto during the Renaissance.

Artists: people that make works of art and are paid and respected for it.

Printing press: a device that made it possible to copy texts faster and more easily than before.

5. The Time of Discoverers and Reformers

Lesson 2. Discovery and Conquest (1)

5. 

The Time of 

Discoverers and Reformers

Lesson 1.2: The start of the Age of Discovery

people in this lesson

Marco Polo

Bartholomeu Dias

Vasco da Gama

Word Duty

KEY WORDS

Silk Route: an overland trade route that linked Europe to Asia 

Monopoly: the right to be the only one to trade in a specific product or 

in a certain area 

Age of Discovery: the time in which European countries explored the world (1450 until 1700) 

Cape of Good Hope: the southern-most point of Africa 

Spice trade: the trade in valuable spices from Asia, such as cinnamon, pepper and nutmeg 

Naval power: when a country has a strong fleet of war ships

Important dates in this lesson:

1271: Marco Polo begins his voyage to Asia

1453: Ottomans conquer Constantinople

1487: Bartholomeu Dias reaches the Cape of Good Hope

1498: Vasco da Gama reaches India

Lesson 1.3 The discovery of America

5. The Time of Discoverers and Reformers

people in this lesson

king Ferdinand & queen Isabella

Christopher Columbus

Important dates in this lesson:

1492: - Ferdinand and Isabella defeat the Moors in Granada

          - Columbus sails to America

1507: - the new world is named "America"

Word Duty

KEY WORDS

Reconquista: the name for the war in which Christians reconquered 

Spain on the Moors 

Indians: the name Columbus gave to the natives of America 

New World: nickname of America given by Europeans who hoped 

to start a new life there

5. The Time of Discoverers and Reformers

Lesson 2.1 & 2.2. Humanism and the Reformation

people in this lesson

Martin Luther

Frederik of Saxony

emperor Charles V

John Calvin

Desiderius Erasmus

Important dates in this lesson:

1511: Erasmus publishes Praise of Folly

1517: Luther nails his 95 theses to the Churchdoor in Wittenberg

1521: Diet of Worms

1534: first German Bible published

1545: Counsil of Trent

Word Duty

KEY WORDS

Humanism: philosophical point of view in which human beings have control over

their lives; it places critical thinking and reason over religion 

Classical Learning: the methods and ideas used by the ancient Greeks and 

Romans to study the world

The Praise of Folly: a satirical book by Erasmus in which he criticises superstitions in Europe and the Church 

Saint: a title the pope gave to a deceased person who had lived a very devout life

Pilgrimage: a journey to a holy place

Relics: the remains of saints or objects that a saint has touched. 

Diet: a parliament-like meeting between the rulers of the Holy Roman Empire 

Indulgences: letters signed by the pope or a bishop in which all your sins were forgiven

Excommunicate: the power of the pope to exclude someone from the Catholic Church (so (s)he can't go to heaven)

Reformers: people who wanted to reform the Catholic Church, like Luther and Calvin 

Reformation: the split between the Catholic and the Protestant church 

Protestants: all followers of reformers

Lutherans: protestants who prefer the ideas of Martin Luther over those of other reformers

Counter-reformation: Catholic reaction to the reformation, meant to protect their church and reform all Protestants 

Inquisition: the systematic persecution of Protestants in Europe 

Heretics: people who have a different view on their religion than the official view

5. The Time of Discoverers and Reformers

2.3. Prelude to the Dutch Revolt 

people in this lesson

Margareth of Parma

Philip II

Charles V

emperor Holy Roman Empire

governor of king Philip II in the Netherlands

 king of Spain and the Netherlands

Important dates in this lesson:

1555: Charles V abdicates the throne

1555: Philip II becomes king of Spain and the Netherlands

1566: The Petition (Compromise of Nobles)

1566: Iconoclastic Fury (Beeldenstorm)

1567: Alva arrives in the Netherlands

Word Duty

KEY WORDS

Gewesten: the seventeen provinces that formed the Low Countries (the Netherlands)

States-General: a meeting of representatives from the 17 Provinces.

centralisation: different areas whom at first were separated are brought 

together and are now ruled by 1 person. 

Governor: the person who rules an area for the King while he is away

Tolerance: to allow things that are forbidden by the government of your country, or that are not common

Stadtholder: a nobleman who represented the king in one or more provinces

to abdicate: a monarch stepping down from the throne

Petition (or: Compromise of Nobles): a document that 200 nobles handed to Margaret of Parma, asking the king to end the inquisition, lower taxes and give back more power to the Dutch nobles.

Geuzen (Beggars): protestants who fled from Alva and supported William of Orange and his rebellion.

Compromise: a deal in which both sides give in a little to reach an agreement.

Iconoclastic Fury (Beeldenstorm): the event in which Protestants destroyed images and statues in Catholic Churches in 1566.