This lesson contains 37 slides, with text slides and 7 videos.
Lesson duration is: 45 min
Items in this lesson
9.2E: Hitler's dictatorship
AGE 9. The Time of World Wars
Slide 1 - Slide
In this lesson:
In 1933 Hitler became prime minister of the Weimar Republic.
1. Ending democracy:
He used the Reichstag Fire, new elections and the Enabling Act to end
democracy.
2. Ending opposition:
During the "Night of the Long Knives" Hitler purged his own party of critical people.
Without opposition, Hitler became Führer (leader): a dictator with absolute power.
3. Turning Germany into a totalitarian state (nazification):
- nazis controlled media and culture
- propaganda and cult of personality
- racial ideology, indoctrinate children / education
- terror: SS & Gestapo, concentration camps
Slide 2 - Slide
1924. Hitler in prison after a failed coup.
Slide 3 - Slide
Jan. 1933, Hitler is appointed "chancellor"....
Slide 4 - Slide
Slide 5 - Video
After 1929: Thanks to the crisis, Hitler’s party grew.
Slide 6 - Slide
Reichstag elections July 1932
Nazis (brown) are largest parties, but don't have an overall majority
Slide 7 - Slide
Jan. 1933, Hitler is appointed "chancellor"....
Slide 8 - Slide
...but the nazis don't have an overall a majority in parliament.
And that is what Hitler wants.
Slide 9 - Slide
When the Reichstag building is set on fire by a communist,
Hitler seizes the opportunity...
Slide 10 - Slide
Hitler declares communists state enemies and organises new elections, using propaganda and terror.
Slide 11 - Slide
the S.A. (Sturm Abteilung) = nazis in uniforms.
They arrest communists and intimidate voters
Slide 12 - Slide
Reichstag elections March 1933
Nazis (brown) , together with another nationalist party, have an overall majority
Slide 13 - Slide
With a majority support in parliament Hitler proposes a new law:
the Enabling Act
Slide 14 - Slide
This law gives Hitler the power to rule without parliament!
Hitler now has dictatorial powers.
Slide 15 - Slide
To strengthen his power, Hitler needed to get rid of "critical" members of his own S.A. (sturmabteilung)
Ernst Röhm
Slide 16 - Slide
SA leaders wanted more political influence.
Hitler did not want to share any power.
Slide 17 - Slide
Hitler turns to his elite bodyguard troops: the SS to help him
Slide 18 - Slide
During the "Night of the Long Knives" the SA is purged by the SS.
Hitler claims he has prevented an "SA coup".
Slide 19 - Slide
Four questions you must answer when you analyze a cartoon:
What do you see? (elements & labels)
What does it represent / stand for?
What is the artist's message?
What is the artist's POV (point of view)?
Slide 20 - Slide
SA members looking fearful in surrender
SA leaders, dead on the floor, killed by Hitler, who holds a smoking gun.
a smoking gun, indicating that Hitler just shot the men lying dead on the floor. A smoking gun is also a clear piece of evidence.
members of the Army and SS stand with their weapons pointing towards the SA members
The caption ‘They salute with both hands now’ is a joke about the Nazi salute. The SA used to be fiercely loyal to Hitler, and so would salute him with the Nazi salute (with one hand). However, now they have both their hands up to Hitler in surrender, showing their powerlessness.
On the floor, lies ‘Hitler’s unkept promises’, clearly discarded. This represents how Hitler betrayed the SA, as they had been led to believe that they would gain power alongside Hitler.
Hitler (standing aggressively with an armband that reads: ’the double cross’- a pun about the swastika and Hitler’s betrayal)
Goering (who is dressed as a violent god of war, showing how the Nazis have abandoned democracy and now rule by terror)
Goebbels (shown as Hitler’s poodle, since in Britain, where this cartoon was published,he was seen to be cowardly and extremely loyal to Hitler). It was all three of these men that were responsible for this night, because Hitler asked Goering and Goebbels to compile a list of ‘disloyal SA members’,; this list formed the basis of those killed on the Night of the Long Knives.
Slide 21 - Slide
Two months later president Hindenburg dies.
He was the last remnant of the Weimar republic.
Slide 22 - Slide
Hitler succeeds Hindenburg, combines his office "chancellor" with
that of "president" into a new title: FÜHRER
Slide 23 - Slide
NAZI RADIO
Slide 24 - Slide
NAZI POSTERS
Slide 25 - Slide
NAZI FILM
Slide 26 - Slide
Slide 27 - Video
NAZI ART
Slide 28 - Slide
NAZI EDUCATION
Slide 29 - Slide
Slide 30 - Slide
Slide 31 - Video
Many opponents and "undesired" people are arrested and sent to concentration camps.
Lesson duration is: 45 min
