TV3 Complex grammatical structures

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 5

TV3

Complex grammatical structures

Complex grammatical structures

Conditionals

The passive

Inversion

Verb patterns

Relative clauses

Modal verbs

Use different tenses appropriately 

Complex grammatical structures

Passive

• If this habit is taught at a young age, a fit and healthy generation will rise into this world.
• This condition is mostly caused by obesity, bad eating habits and sedentary lifestyle.

Relative clauses

• Students who do not have time to do after school physical activities will be able to enjoy...
• It is the teacher who has the responsibility to... / It is student who has the opportunity to...
• A physically active person is more likely to be happy and healthy, which makes him a better student in the classroom.
• Young people spend on average 8 hours a day at school, which is ⅓ of the day.  
• Nowadays most students/teenagers have a smartphone, which gives them access to a variety of online resources

Complex grammatical structures

Conditionals

1st conditional (= a possible future situation and its probable result)

• According to a recent study, if you surround yourself with positive people then you will probably become more positive.
• If adolescents exercise on a regular basis, they will become healthier and more fit.

2nd conditional (= wish / imaginary situation in the present or future)

• If adolescents exercised more, they would reduce the risk of getting these diseases.

Complex grammatical structures

Verb patterns (-ing form, infinitive with 'to, infinitive without 'to'

Having computers involved with activity is an excellent way of encouraging children to exercise, but it also acts as a double edged sword.

Having PE one a week will not compensate for all the hours we spend sitting.

Doing certain easy sports or simply exercising after school at the school gym would be very convenient because you are already there.

With the guidance of the adults and all the sources the school can offer their students, it would be the solution to encourage us to keep fit 

Complex grammatical structures

Modals (can, could, should, would, may, might)

• An alternative approach would be to obligate students to apply for a membership of a sports club.
• In conclusion, to be able to encourage our youth to do more physical activities, we should target schools as they take a considerable role in young people’s lives
• For example, fitness apps can be easily downloaded, so students can follow an online workout at home

Complex grammatical structurs

Inversion

• It does not only enhance your physical health, it also helps you to be happier and to live longer.
• Not only does it enhance... , it also...
• Not only did he leave dirty footprints all over our carpet, but he also sat on my glasses.

• Seldom have people ...
• Never have I/people seen ...
• Little did they realise that ....

Language

Varied range of vocabulary 

Sse synonyms (less repetitive)

Nouns -> more formal. Compare: became more -> increased -> An increase in ..... 

YOUTH AND SPORTS 

   

It is a well-known fact that most people, especially teenagers, do not like exercising. It is already a very hard habit to pick up and unless the kids are encouraged, most won’t be able to pick up a sport on their own. 

So how can we motivate them to keep fit?

Linking words

-> logical and ordered

Linking words and cohesive devices:

basic high-frequency items (such as ‘and’, ‘but’, 'also')  

words like ‘because’, ‘first of all’, 'secondly, ‘finally’).

Moreover, ... / Furthermore, ... / In addition, ... / What is more, ..../ As a result, ... / Unfortunately, ... / 

Quiz: Linking words

Contrast 

1) The team haven't been playing too well. ......, they are expected to win this afternoon.

1. Nevertheless,
2. In contrast
3. On the contrary
4. Whereas

2) ........ in nearly every country in the world they drive on the right, in England they insist on driving on the left.

1. One the one hand
2. While
3. Nevertheless
4. In contrast

3) ........ to the north, which will remain warm and sunny, the south will become cloudy during the early morning.

1. On the contrary
2. In contrast
3. Although
4. While

4) He couldn't get the machine to work ........ following the instructions carefully.

1. despite
2. however
3. while
4. yet

5) I'm not tired at all. ........, I'm feeling full of energy.

1. However
2. In contrast
3. On the contrary
4. Despite

6) ........ the computer had recently been repaired, it still kept crashing.

1. Although
2. Whereas
3. In spite of
4. Nevertheless

7) I know we agreed to raise the issue at the next meeting ........ we simply won't have the time to discuss it.

1. although
2. whereas
3. but
4. still

8) The man was arrested ........ claiming to have been nowhere near the scene of the crime.

1. whereas
2. in spite of
3. yet
4. in contrast