Introduction and conclusion essay writing H5

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vmbo lwoo
• Leerjaar 3

H5, How to write an introduction/Conclusion

Introduction

Introduction

- Prepares the reader for the essay to follow. 

- Adds relevance of the subject. 

- Explains how the topic has been misunderstood. 

Introduction

- Positions the author in the critical debate (without literally saying "my position is...").

- Gives reader essential or contextual information. 

- Shows why the essay is worth reading

Introduction - DO's

- Create interest in your topic.

- Give sufficient information to understand your essay.

- End with thesis statement.

- Use linking words and phrases to move smoothly from general to specific ("as a result of these issues"; "this essay argues").

Introduction - DON'Ts

- Begin by being too specific

- Provide unnecessary information

- Announce what you will say ("in the next paragraph I will discuss..."; "my position is...")

Introduction - Structure

Introduce subject

Narrow it down

State the essay's overall position (thesis statement)

GENERAL --> SPECIFIC

GENERAL

    

SPECIFIC

sample intro

Much of our learning takes place outside the classroom. We learn how to maintain budgets, forge friendships, develop business relationships, and more. Imagine extending those skills on a global level. We would immediately cease to believe the world only contains the people and things we can see but, rather, a wide variety of opinions, customs, beliefs, and ethics. Therefore, every college-level student must study abroad during their undergraduate years. They will learn more in that semester abroad than in any other academic year.

Thesis: The production, sale, and possession of assault weapons for private citizens should be banned in the U.S.  
TS I: Keeping assault weapons out of private citizens’ hands can lower the increasing occurrences of barbaric public slayings 
TS II: Monetary damages by assault weapons are too devastating to leave alone.
TS III: The human costs incurred by crimes committed with assault weapons are too great to ignore. 

Ban on assault weapons

 American safety is a tricky concept. If all you have is a hammer, every problem is going to look like a nail. Unfortunately, in this analogy, you are not the only one carrying a hammer. This clearly states the most important issue with privately owned assault weapons. Everyone has got one as they are manufactured in the US, easily available for purchase in a culture where owning one is seen not just as a right but as a duty to protect you your property. This has resulted in numerous lives lost in altercations, economic damages incurred and a society full of survivors traumatised by school shootings. By banning private ownership, the amount of school shootings and home invasions could be gradually decreased. In addition, as a result of a ban loss of lives and economic damages can be spared. Thus/Therefore, the production, sale and possession of assault weapons for private citizens should be banned in the U.S.

Conclusion

SPECIFIC

    

GENERAL

Sample conclusion (1/2)

In conclusion, although it is easy to see why allowing an elementary school child to have a cell phone would be convenient for after-school pickups or arranging playdates with friends, there is too much evidence to show that it's generally not a good idea. Children already have a lot of access to media (on average over seven hours per day) and it is the parent's responsibility to monitor their media access, which is more difficult if the child has exclusive cell phone access. Cyber bullying, which is increasingly becoming a problem, is also going to be a risk when your child has unlimited access to a smart phone. Clearly, elementary school-aged children are not emotionally mature enough to handle the responsibility of a smart phone, and the borrowing of a parent's cell phone should be highly monitored to ensure safe and healthful usage.

Sample conclusion (2/2)

There are some clear benefits to starting school later in the morning for K-12 students such as better academic performance and improved sleeping schedules. Although it might take a bit of rearranging schedules for parents to take their kids to school later on in the day, it's more important that students perform better academically than for the drop-off to be convenient for the parents on their way to work. To combat this, increased bus routes and crossing guards should be implemented so that parents who have to get to work at a certain time can be assured that their kids are making it to school safely.

Conclusion

- Summarizes the essay and reinforces points. 

- Underscores the logic of the author's position.

- Reminds the reader of the weakness of opposing arguments.

Conclusion

- Leaves a lasting impression on the reader.

- Call to action.

- Suggestion for further research.

Conclusion - DO's

- Restate your claim more fully than in the introduction.

- Include information the reader has learned since the beginning.

- Give the reader a "take-away message".

Conclusion - DON'Ts

- Simply rephrase your introduction.

- Introduce new arguments or evidence.

- Undermine your credibility.

Conclusion - Structure

Restate the main argument

Summarize the key points

Make a broader concluding statement

SPECIFIC --> GENERAL

Conclusion sample: Restate main argument, summarise key points, make a broaders concluding argument

“There is no doubt that dogs make the best pets in the world. They provide a cleaner environment for your home, are not afraid to show their feelings, and can be trained to do a variety of tricks and jobs. Every second that goes by, you are missing out on happiness. Get out of your chair and make a positive difference in your life – go get a dog!”

Introduction --> write conclusion

21% of teen motor vehicle accidents are caused by drowsy driving. Many teens everyday are complaining about their school start times being way too early. Teen tiredness is now considered to be a public health pandemic. School starting at a later time is beneficial because it helps students catch up on sleep. And it helps students stay out of trouble. And it helps students ability to learn. 

Introduction --> write conclusion

Many teens everyday are complaining about their school start times being too early and there may be some truth to this complaint. 21% of teen motor vehicle accidents are caused by drowsy driving. As a result, teen tiredness is now considered to be a public health pandemic.  Not only will more lives be saved if schools start at a later time, research has also shown certain benefits to later starting times such as improved concentration and, as a result, better grades. In addition, to the aforementioned arguments, social interaction with peers has also shown a remarkable improvement if the school day starts just 60 minutes later.

School starting at a later time is beneficial; to students  in many ways and should be implemented by schools  as soon as possible.

TH: Schools should start later in the day (lives saved, better social interaction, better grades)