First Aid for Poisoning and Other Related Emergencies

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First Aid for Poisoning 

And Other Related Emergencies

At the end of this lesson

• At the end of the lesson, you will be able to recognize and apply first aid procedures for poisonings and other related emergencies.

Poisoning Defined

Poisoning can be defined as any substance or chemical that can harm the body.  Any substance can be poisonous if too much is taken. Poisonous substances  can be harmful if swallowed, inhaled, absorbed, or injected.

The effects of poisoning range from short-term illness to brain damage, coma, and death.  

Brainstorm types of

poisonous substances

This is a mindmap

How do harmful substances enter the body?

• ingesting a harmful substance
• Inhalation of a poisonous gas
• Injection/ Envenomation
• Touching a hazardous substance (Contact Poisoning)

Check the Scene: Ensure it's safe for both you and the victim.

Check Responsiveness: Gently shake the person and ask loudly, "Are you okay?"

Call for Help: If the person is unresponsive, call emergency services or instruct someone nearby to do so.

First Aid for Poisoning 

Treatment for poisoning depends on the type of poison. If you suspect someone has been poisoned, call your local poison control center right away.

www.cdc.gov

01:17

Opioids act as neurotransmitters. What effect do opioids have on the nervous system ?

1. they provide a surge of energy and alertness
2. opioids speed up breathing
3. opioids increase heart rate
4. opioids relieve the sensation of pain

01:32

How SPECIFICALLY can an opioid overdose lead to death?

01:51

Naloxone is an ________ used to rapidly reverse an opioid overdose.

1. agonist
2. antagonist
3. opioid
4. immunization

02:18

If a dose of naloxone isn't effective, what can be done?

NJ's Overdose Prevention Act

The Overdose Prevention Act, passed in 2013, is intended to save lives by encouraging people to seek medical assistance whenever a drug overdose occurs. It does so by providing that those who, in good faith, seek medical assistance for an overdose victim will be immune from arrest and prosecution on a charge of use or simple possession of illegal drugs. The immunity also applies to the person suffering the overdose.

Ingesting/Swallowing

Poisonous Substances

Examples: Ingesting

Alcohol Poisoning

Drug Overdose

Contaminated food

Poisonous plants

Swallowing a toxic household substance

Took the wrong medicine or wrong dosage

Cadmium Poisoning (batteries)

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Ingesting: First Aid Response

Check the scene and the person

• Determine what the individual has taken and how much of they have ingested, or what might have caused the poisoning

Call Poison Control

• Call 911 if the individual becomes unresponsive, has a change in behavior, has difficulty breathing, or the individual may be suicidal 

Do not induce vomiting and give the individual anything to drink or eat unless told to so by Poison Control 

Inhalation

Poisonous Substances

Examples: Inhalation

Carbon monoxide Poisoning

Solvent Fumes

Chemical Vapor

Inhalation of urushiol (the poisonous oil in poison ivy)

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Inhalation: First Aid Response

Check the scene and the person

• If you suspect carbon monoxide poisoning, get outside to fresh air immediately, and Call 911
• 
  
• If unresponsive, begin CPR
• 
  

Contact Poisoning

Poisonous Plants

Contact Poisoning from Poisonous Plants

Symptoms include:

Red rash

Bumps, red patches

Fluid filled blisters

Swelling

Itching

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Contact Poisoning: First Aid Response

Check the scene and the person

• Remove and wash any clothing that may have touched the plant
• Rinse skin immediately
• Use rubbing alcohol, or degreasing (dish) soap
• Rinse thoroughly
• Scrub under nails with a brush
• Apply wet compresses, calamine lotion, or hydrocortisone cream to reduce itching and blistering
• Take an antihistamine
• Get medical help in severe cases

Terminology

A poison is ANY substance, natural or synthetic, that can cause harm to a living thing

A toxin is a specific type of poisonous substance produced by living cells or organisms (poisonous mushrooms)

A venom is a poisonous substance made by an animal. It is injected through a process called envenomation, usually by a bite or sting

An opioid receptor antagonist used to reverse an opioid overdose:

1. Toxin
2. Naxolone
3. Methadone
4. CPR

The Overdose Prevention Act

1. Protects drug dealers if someone overdoses
2. Encourages people to seek medical attention when an overdose occurs
3. Provides clean needles to drug addicts
4. Helps prevent overdoses by providing naloxone

Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas that

1. can't be seen
2. can't be smelled
3. can't be heard
4. All of the above

The first step when responding to a poisoning is to

1. Call 911
2. Check the scene and the person
3. Call Poison Control
4. Begin performing CPR

Contact poisoning refers to

1. A reaction from touching a hazardous chemical
2. Contacting poison control
3. Inhalation of urushiol (poisonous oil in poison ivy)
4. The body's reaction from contact with a poisonous plant

Research a poisonous or venomous animal. Explain first aid procedures to handle a situation

This is an open question

Ask a question about First Aid Procedures we haven't learned about yet.

This is an open question