3) Shylock insists on having his bond. Jessica mentions "I have heard him swear to Tubal and to Chus, his countrymen, that he would rather have Antonio's flesh than twenty times the value of the stum that he did owe him."
4) Destiny? Portia tells Bassanio to "pause a day or two
before you hazard." The inscripture on the lead casket says "who chooseth me must give an hazard all he hath" (p. 38)