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3.4 organising digestion
Welcome everyone
Think about...
Take off your coat, hat/cap off.
Mobile in the phone bag (on silent).
Book (laptop) + notebook, pen on the table. Bag on the floor.
Sit in your own place.
You can eat and drink in the canteen.
5 minutes.
timer
5:00
1 / 39
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Slide 1:
Slide
Biologie
Middelbare school
havo, vwo
Leerjaar 2
This lesson contains
39 slides
, with
interactive quiz
,
text slides
and
2 videos
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Lesson duration is:
30 min
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Items in this lesson
Welcome everyone
Think about...
Take off your coat, hat/cap off.
Mobile in the phone bag (on silent).
Book (laptop) + notebook, pen on the table. Bag on the floor.
Sit in your own place.
You can eat and drink in the canteen.
5 minutes.
timer
5:00
Slide 1 - Slide
schedule
Repetition 10 min.
Explanation 3.4 10 min.
Doing a exercise 15 min
Closing 5 min.
Slide 2 - Slide
The 7 nutrients we need
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fats
Water
Vitamins
Minerals
Fibres
Slide 3 - Slide
What do we need nutrients for?
Growth and repair
Energy
To stay healthy
Slide 4 - Slide
What is digestion
Digestion:
Breakdown of food molecules into small food molecules
When food is digested it is absorbed
Slide 5 - Slide
FASES OF DIGESTION:
INGESTION
CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL DIGESTION
ABSORPTION
Elemination
Slide 6 - Slide
Big vs. Small
Big molecules
-> Insoluble can not get through the gut wall
Small molecules
-> Soluble can get through the gut wall
Slide 7 - Slide
CHEMICAL DIGESTION:
BREAKING THE FOOD INTO EVEN SMALLER MOLECULES.
USING
ENZYMES
TO BREAK DOWN THE FOOD MOLECULES.
Slide 8 - Slide
Slide 9 - Slide
enzymes
substrate is broken down
Slide 10 - Slide
Why chew?
Digestive juices need to digest nutrients
Chewing makes the surface area
bigger
Slide 11 - Slide
Why chew?
Chewing creates a bigger surface area.
bigger surface area = more surface where digestive juices can do their job =
more and quicker digestion
surface area of 6 cm2
surface area of 1,5 cm2
together 12 cm2
Slide 12 - Slide
Learning goals
What are the organs of digestion?
what is the function of those organs?
What is peristaltis?
What is Emulsification?
Slide 13 - Slide
How does our body process the food?
INGESTION
MECHANICAL DIGESTION
CHEMICAL DIGESTION
ABSORPTION
Elimination
Slide 14 - Slide
Peristaltic movements
Contractions of muscles
esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
sphincters (kringspieren) contract behind a bolus of food
moves food through the digestive tract
Slide 15 - Slide
ABSORPTION
Once digestion is complete
second half small intestine
water mainly absorbed in large intestine (colon)
Slide 16 - Slide
Exercise
Draw the organs of the digestive system
Label the parts
Add the functions
you can use your book page 76
Slide 17 - Slide
INGESTION:
MOVING THE FOOD INTO YOUR MOUTH
Slide 18 - Slide
INGESTION:
MOVING THE FOOD INTO YOUR MOUTH
Slide 19 - Slide
MECHANICAL DIGESTION:
BREAKING THE FOOD INTO SMALLER PIECES.
THIS IS DONE BY YOUR TEETH
BITING AND CHEWING
Slide 20 - Slide
Chemical digestion Step 1
starts in: the mouth
the enzyme: amylase (a carbohydrase)
the liquid: saliva
the nutrient: carbohydrates
the products: glucose
The enzymes in your saliva start breaking down the carbohydrate molecules into glucose.
Slide 21 - Slide
3.4 Organising digestion
Slide 22 - Slide
What do you remember?
What are the nutrients you have to know?
Why do we need nutrients?
What is digestion?
What are de different stages of food processing?
What are enzymes?
Can you name three enzymes with functions?
Slide 23 - Slide
Learning goals achieved?
What are the organs of digestion?
what is the function of those organs?
What is peristaltis?
What is Emulsification?
Slide 24 - Slide
The digestive organs
liver - creates bile
gall bladder - stores bile
duodenum
- bile and enzymes from pancreas added
appendix - immunological defense
oesophagus - transports food to stomach
stomach - protein digestion, stomach
pancreas - creates digestive enzymes
small intestine - digests and absorbs nutrients
large intestine - absorbs water
rectum - stores faecal matter
anus - exit hole
Slide 25 - Slide
Down the tube!
Oesophagus
Peristalsis: moving food down your oesaphagus (gullet)
Slide 26 - Slide
Slide 27 - Video
Why is your stomach rumbling?
-peristalsis, muscle activity
- mechanical digestion
-Empty stomach and intestines make a louder sound!
Slide 28 - Slide
In your stomach
Digestive juices are added
Proteases
-> digestion proteins -> amino acids
Hydrochloric acid
-> acid PH, best for the enzymes + acidic environment also kills germs
Rennin
(only babies) makes milk solid, stays in the stomach longer
Slide 29 - Slide
BILE
PRODUCED by the lover
STORED in the gall blatter
contains emulsifying agents (bile salts)
contains waste products (bilirubin)
transporters via a tube to the duodenum
Slide 30 - Slide
EMULSIFICATION
by bile salts
devides larger globules of fat into smaller ones
increasing surface area for enzyme lipase from pancreas
Slide 31 - Slide
small intestine
Slide 32 - Slide
In your small intestine
2 important liquids added in the first part (the duodenum)
Pancreatic juice
(carbohydrases, proteases and lipases)
Bile
from the liver, stored in the gall bladder
Bile is alkaline neutralises acid from the stomach
Bile emulsifies fats, increases surface area of fats lipase enzymes to act upon (emulsification)
Slide 33 - Slide
In your small intestine
Intestinal juice
(carbohydrases, proteases, lipases) Complete digestion of food, made by the wall of the small intestine
Slide 34 - Slide
Slide 35 - Slide
Slide 36 - Slide
Work
Read pages 76-79
Make excercises 49 -57
Slide 37 - Slide
Slide 38 - Video
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
heart
large intestine
small intestine
stomach
lung
liver
brain
kidney
Slide 39 - Drag question
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