YR3-K16-LSN2

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

HAVE READY

• JOIN THIS LESSONUP
• YOUR NOTEBOOK
• KERBOODLE PAGE 247
• GOOGLE CLASROOM

PLAN FOR TODAY:

• CHECK IN CLASS ASSIGNMENTS LESSON 1
• HW FOR LESSON 2 (ANY QUESTIONS)
• PRACTICE QUESTIONS
• IN CLASS ASSIGNMENTS LESSON 2

PRACTICE ASSIGNMENTS

INHERITANCE

ASSIGNMENTS DURING LESSON 1

• CHECK THE ANSWERS
• ASK QUESTIONS 

• I know what heterozygous and homozygous genes are and I can explain the difference.
• I know what genotype and phenotype is and I can explain the difference.
• I understand and can explain the difference between dominant & recessive genes.
• I can use a punnet square to show the inheritance of certain genes.

• HETEROZYGOUS
• HOMOZYGOUS
• DOMINANT
• RECESSIVE
• ALLELES
• GENOTYPE
• PHENOTYPE
• PUNNET SQUARES

KERBOODLE P. 246-252

Karyograms:

1. left male right female
2. left female right female
3. left male right male
4. left female right male

Someone doesn't look very happy. This is determined by:

1. the hair
2. fenotype
3. genotype
4. environment

Someone has bloodtype AB, this is determined by:

1. the hair
2. fenotype
3. genotype
4. environment

Genes, alleles, loci en homologous chromosomes

A gene holds information for a type of protein. these proteins together result in (genetic) characteristics.

Each gene lays on a specific spot in the genome called a locus ( mv: loci)

Each gene can have different variants called alleles.

Because a diploid organism has two chromosomes of each pair (homologous chromosome), each diploid organism has  2 loci for each gene which can contain similar or different alleles. 

Two alleles per gene/locus

Two similar alleles for a gene?  HOMOZYGOUS

Two different alleles for a gene? HETEROZYGOUS

Check the image.

What is true?

This organism is .....

1. homozygote for the left gene heterozygote for the gene in the middle heterozygote for the right gene
2. heterozygote for the left gene heterozygote for the gene in the middle homozygote for the right gene
3. homozygote for the left gene homozygote for the gene in the middle heterozygote for the right gene
4. homozygote for the left gene heterozygote for the gene in the middle homozygote for the right gene

Practice assignments in class: #1

Someone's gender is also genetic, in this case I mean the sex you are born with and not the gender you identify with.

a. What alleles/chromosome exist in terms of gender? 

b. What are the parents genotypes? and possible gametes?

c. Show the possible crosses in a punnet squares.

d. What possible outcomes are there. 

Steps with Punnet Squares

1. Identify the alleles.
2. Identify genotype parent 1. Show possible gametes.
3. Identify genotype parent 2. Show possible gametes.
4. Fill in your punnet squares.
5. Write down ratios of the possible genotypes.
6. Write down ratios of the possible phenotypes.

Practice assignments in class: #2

With Labradors the chocolate colour is dominant and the blond colour is recessive. Work through all the steps you just wrote down to give me a prediction of the offspring of two chocolate labradors that both have heterozygous genes. Work using the letter B.

Monohybrid crossing- example

The gene for black coat color is inherited in a dominant way. Two heterozygous black dogs mate. What is the change of getting brown dogs?

Monohybrid crossing- example

How to start? 

1. meaning of the alleles

Black =dominant = A

Brown= recessive = a

The gene for black coat color is inherited in a dominant way. Two heterozygous black dogs mate. What is the change of getting brown dogs?

Monohybrid crossing- example

How to start? 

1. meaning of the alleles

Black =dominant = A

Brown= recessive = a

2. Genotype of parents

     dad = heterozygous = Aa

mom  = heterozygous = Aa 

The gene for black coat color is inherited in a dominant way. Two heterozygous black dogs mate. What is the change of getting brown dogs?

Monohybrid crossing- example

How to start? 

1. Meaning of the alleles

2. Genotype of parents

3. What are the possible gametes

4. Punnett square

The gene for black coat color is inherited in a dominant way. Two heterozygous black dogs mate. What is the change of getting brown dogs?

Punnett squares

possible gametes of parents A, a (dad) en A , a (mom) along the sides (gray)

in cells the combination of the both gametes

Monohybrid crossing- example

How to start? 

1. Meaning of the alleles

2. Genotype of parents

3. What are the possible gametes

4. punnett square

5. ratio of genotypes 

6. ratio of fenotypes

The gene for black coat color is inherited in a dominant way. Two heterozygous black dogs mate. What is the change of getting brown dogs?

Punnett squares

ratio genotype = AA : Aa : aa        ratio phenotype bruine vacht : blonde vacht

                                  1   :  2  :  1                                                          3        :        1

example

change that sperm cell contains recessive allele: 1/2

change that egg cell contains recessive allele: 1/2

change that the zygote contains both recessive alleles 1/2 * 1/2 := 1/4

Rules for punnett squares

Use letter with a clear difference in capital and normal: Rr, Tt, Ee, Aa, Bb

Parent generation = P - From latin "Parentes" / English "Parent"

Offspring =  F₁ - F  from latin "Filii " = children 

                                                   1   indicates the generation 

                                                   (F₁ = 1e generation, F₂ = 2e generation, etc)

A man who is heterozygous for the earlobe gene gets a child together with a female who has fixed earlobes (recessive)
Calculate the ration of this child having fixed earlobes. follow all the steps and upload your answer including a punnett square here.

ASSIGNMENTS FOR LESSON 2:

• practise with question 4, 8, 9 and 10 on page 262-263 in kerboodle
• Make the in class assignments for lesson 2

Exit TICKETS:

• Complete the KWIZL "ET_CH16_LSN2"
• Grade your own  work.
• Reflect on your own work. 

HOMEWORK FOR LESSON 3:

• STUDY THE WRTS LSN 1-3
• COMPLETE THE HW FOR LESSON 3
• COMPLETE ANY IN CLASS ASSIGNMENTS LEFT FROM THIS LESSON IN YOUR NOTEBOOK
• DOUBLE CHECK YOU UNDERSTAND EVERYTHING