YR2-CH5&6-LSN2

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

TODAY- bs 4:

abdominal & thoracic breathing 

ventilation & spirograms

Red muscle tissue and white muscle tissue

K.P.68

Respiratory system

1. nose
2. mouth
3. larynx
4. lung
5. bronchi
6. diaphragm
7. pharynx
8. trachea
9. bronchi
10. bronchiole
11. alveoli

Thoracic inhalation:

air is sucked into the lungs

intercostal muscles contract

ribs pull the plearul membrane open

the plearul membrane pulls open the lungs

ribs move up

Thoracic inhalation:

1. intercostal muscles contract
2. ribs move up
3. ribs pull the pleural membrane open
4. pleural membrane pulls open the lungs
5. air is sucked into the lungs

Thoracic exhalation:

air is pushed out of the lungs

intercostal muscles relax

ribs push the plearul membrane closed

the plearul membrane pushes the lungs closed

ribs move down

Thoracic exhalation:

1. intercostal muscles relax
2. ribs move down
3. ribs push the pleural membrane closed
4. pleural membrane pushes closed the lungs
5. air is pushed out of the lungs

Abdominal inhalation:

air is sucked into the lungs

diaphragm muscle contracts

the diaphragm moves down

the plearul membrane pulls open the lungs

the diaphragm pulls the pleural membrane open

Abdominal inhalation:

1. diaphragm muscle contract
2. the diaphragm moves down
3. the diaphragm pulls the pleural membrane open
4. pleural membrane pulls open the lungs
5. air is sucked into the lungs

Abdominal exhalation:

air is pushed out of the lungs

diaphragm muscle relaxes

the diaphragm  pushes the pleural membrane closed

the pleural membrane pushes the lungs closed

the diaphragm moves up

Abdominal exhalation:

1. diaphragm muscle relaxes
2. the diaphragm moves up
3. the diaphragm pushes the pleural membrane closed
4. pleural membrane pushes closed the lungs
5. air is pushed out of the lungs

Spirograms:

• When we breathe air moves into and out of our lungs.
• We can measure how much air moves at a time and put these measurements into a graph.
• These graphs are called Spirograms.
• Take a look at the next slide.

Important words:

You do not need to know all the words in the graph only the most important ones.

• Vital capacity
• Residual volume
• Total lung Capacity
• Tidal volume

Vital Capacity:

• The maximum amount of air you can move with one large inhalation  followed by a large exhalation.
  
• How much is this person's vital capacity?

Vital Capacity

Just under 4 liters.

Residual Volume:

• A small amount of air that always stays behind in the lungs, this is so they do not collapse.
  
• How much is this person's Residual Volume?

Residual Volume

Just over 2 liters.

Total Lung Capacity:

• The maximum amount of air a person's lungs can hold.
• How much is this person's Total Lung Capacity?

Total Lung Capacity

6 liters

Tidal Volume:

• The amount of air a person moves into and out of the lungs when relaxed.
• How much is this person's Tidal Volume?

Tidal Volume

about 0.8 liters

A

B

C

D

E

F

Red Muscle Tissue

White Muscle Tissue

Homework:

See homework breathing on the Classroom