5.2 Voltage sources

• physics
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

5.2 Voltage sources

Voltage source

                               A battery always states what voltages it supplies.

A battery supplies electrical energy. 

The current tells you how many charged particles flow past every second.

The voltage tells you how much electrical energy each particle is carrying.

Fig. 14

You can compare the transport of electrical energy to the transport of petrol.

Current = trucks

Voltage = petrol

Or a central heating

current = water, voltage = heath

Connecting batteries

If you connect batteries in series (behind each other), you can add their voltages together.

Voltages

mains voltage = 230 V

Safe voltages = voltages untill 24 V

You can convert the mains voltage with a transformer.

Chemical voltage sources

Batteries are chemical voltage sources because the voltage is generated by chemical reactions.

In rechargeable batteries you can make this reaction go in the opposite direction (recharge the battery). 

Batteries are small-scale chemical waste.

17 Why do dynamos not state the voltage they deliver?

1. They were built in Russia
2. It depends on the light attached to it
3. It depends on the type of bike
4. It depends on the movement of the dynamo

18a. Read off
the
voltage

1. 3 V
2. 27 V
3. 2,7 V
4. 13,5 V

18b. Read off
the
voltage

1. 18 V
2. 90 V
3. 9 V
4. 1.8 V

19.

20a. What's
the voltage?

1. 6 V
2. 4.5 V
3. 3 V
4. 1.5 V

20b. What's
the voltage?

1. 6 V
2. 0 V
3. 3 V
4. 1.5 V

20c. What's
the voltage?

1. 3 V
2. 4.5 V
3. 0 V
4. 1.5 V

20d. What's
the voltage?

1. 6 V
2. 0 V
3. 3 V
4. 1.5 V

Experiment 1
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc_en.html
Write down your answers and send a photo of your answers!