Evolution

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

This period.

- BS 5.4 en 5.5 Evolution

so 5.1 to 5.3 and 5.7

Unit 5 BS 4 the theory of evolution

quote 

Individual organisms can evolve during a single lifespan

Correction 

 Evolutionary change is based on changes in the genetic makeup of populations over time. Populations, not individual organisms, evolve.

Evolution 

The development of life on Earth:

species appearing, changing and/or disappearing

Charles Darwin (1809-1882)

Neodarwinistic evolution theory =

The process by which hereditary traits within a population of organisms change over the generations as a result of genetic variation, reproduction and natural selection.

genetic variation

reproduction

natural selection

What is natural selection?

1. organisms can change during their life
2. more organisms are born than there is room or food for.
3. predators only eat yellow colored insects
4. the organisms that are best adapted survive

Natural selection

Individuals that are best at surviving in their environment will produce more offspring 

Evolution in Steps

1. More individuals will be born  that can survive 'struggle for existence'
   
2. Individuals with an advantage have a higher chance of surviving ' natural selection' 
   
3. The individuals that survive will have a higher chance to produce offspring 
   

Sexual selection: female choice

Arguments for the existence of evolution

- Fossils

- Vestigial organs

- DNA 

- Analog and homolog organs 

Fossils

Also show that animals and plants have changed over time

The organism is quickly covered with a layer of sand or mud

Skeletons can tell us about the past

-Skeletons change over time

-how bones are shaped can tell us something about the past

Vestigial organs: 

Organs that an animal has but doesn't use anymore

Example:  Tail bone 

Example:
Pelvis/Femur in whale 

Vestigial organ with no function:

Leg bones in snakes -> Tickle females during mating

Vestigial organ with new function

Vestigial organs show that animals have changed over time

homolog organs

analog organs

Why are there not so many early fossils?

1. Early forms of life were soft bodied organisms
2. No animals were living a long time ago
3. Bones of those animals were never found
4. What are fossils again?

Fossils and vestigial organs show us that organisms changed over time. What is the theory called that explains what makes animals change?

https:

off to work 

• Go to biology for you  and answer the questions 1 to 7
• BS 5.4