1.3 Early farmers (part 1)

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

1.4 The first farmers (part 1)

Hunter-gatherers slowly shifted from hunting and gathering to farming

1.3 De eerste boeren

Jager-verzamelaars begonnen langzaam over te gaan van jagen en verzamelen naar landbouw.

Planning of the lesson

• Looking back on last lesson.
• Instruction 1.3 Early farmers (part 1).
• Cause and effect
• Assignments
• Wrapping up the lesson

1.3 Early farmers (part 1)

Hunter-gatherers slowly shifted from hunting and gathering to farming

1.3 De eerste boeren

Jager-verzamelaars begonnen langzaam over te gaan van jagen en verzamelen naar landbouw.

Goals for this lesson

At the end of this lesson you...

• understand how the European climate changed.
• understand how hunter-gatherers started farming
• understand the difference between causes and effects

Aan het einde van deze les kan jij...

-begrijpen hoe het klimaat veranderde

-begrijpen hoe jager-verzamelaars begonnen met landbouw

-begrijpen wat het verschil is tussen oorzaken en gevolgen

Why did hunter-gatherers only travel with few belongings?

Waarom reisden jager-verzamelaars met weinig eigendommen?

Why did hunter-gatherers travel from place to place?

Waarom reisden jager-verzamelaars van plek naar plek?

Climate change

• Period when Europe was covered by Ice.
• Because of climate change  it became warmer on earth.
• Ice Age ended about 10.000 years ago.

For about 100.000 years nothern Europe was covered by Ice. People could only survive by hunting and fishing.

IJstijd

Periode dat Europa bedekt was door IJs.

Door klimaatverandering werd het warmer op aarde.

De IJstijd eindigde ongeveer 10.000 jaar geleden.

First farmers

• Around 10.000 BC people in the Middle East discovered new ways to get food.
• By planting wild seeds, watering them and harvesting them.

Actors play the role of early farmers in the Archeon in Alphen aan de Rijn

Eerste boeren

Rond 10.000 voor Christus ontdekten mensen in het Middenoosten nieuwe manieren om aan voedsel te komen.

Door wilde zaden te planten, de planten te wateren en te oogsten.

The green area is were farming was taking place in the year 7500 Before Christ (BC)

Fertile Crescent

• =Place where farming started (near the rivers Tigris, Euphrates and Nile).
• The rivers provided water for the crops.
• People stopped traveling around.

Vruchtbare Halve maan

=Plek waar landbouw begon (vlakbij de rivieren Tigris, Eufraat en Nijl).

De rivieren zorgden voor water voor de gewassen.

Mensen stopten met rondreizen.

1.X Cause and effect

Cause

Effect

Oorzaak & gevolg

Cause and effect (p. 150)

Causes are explanations for events and changes in the past. They explain why something happened.

Every event or development leads to changes. These are called its effects or consequences.

Write down a cause of the invention of agriculture (farming).

Vruchtbare Halve maan

=Plek waar landbouw begon (vlakbij de rivieren Tigris, Eufraat en Nijl).

De rivieren zorgden voor water voor de gewassen.

Mensen stopten met rondreizen.

Eerste boeren

Rond 10.000 voor Christus ontdekten mensen in het Middenoosten nieuwe manieren om aan voedsel te komen.

Door wilde zaden te planten, de planten te wateren en te oogsten.

Name an effect of the invention of agriculture (farming).

Ice Age Stones

Hunebedden

Stonehenge

Dolmen

Assignment: 

Write a 100 word essay about one of these stone structures. Discuss the history, location, age and function of the structure. You may make a draft version in Dutch.

What do you think of the history lesson so far? Be honest.

😒🙁😐🙂😃

Goals for this lesson

At the end of this lesson you...

• understand how the European climate changed.
• understand how hunter-gatherers started farming
• understand the difference between causes and effects

Aan het einde van deze les kan jij...

-begrijpen hoe het klimaat veranderde

-begrijpen hoe jager-verzamelaars begonnen met landbouw

-begrijpen wat het verschil is tussen oorzaken en gevolgen

1.4 Early farmers (part 2)

Hunter-gatherers slowly shifted from hunting and gathering to farming

1.3 De eerste boeren

Jager-verzamelaars begonnen langzaam over te gaan van jagen en verzamelen naar landbouw.

1.X Cause and effect

Cause

Effect

Oorzaak & gevolg

Cause and effect

Causes are explanations for events and changes in the past. They explain why something happened.

Every event or development leads to changes. These are called its effects or consequences.

The first farmers still do a lot by hand.

Farming was hard, but hunting was much harder!

Through the invention of animal breeding they now use domesticated animals for that purpose...

Hmm...

Welk dier zou dit werk voor me kunnen doen?

Bad harvest = hunger!

Farmers were now more dependent on nature. If the harvest was fogged or the season was bad, it was more difficult to survive. In the past as a hunter you would just move on. Farmers did this less quickly, they had more property! 

Hunters or farmers?

How do you recognize that these are farmers and not hunters?

Farmers..

long house

Iedereen in dezelfde kamer, ook vee! Veilig en warm! 

What would you choose?

Farmers invent graffiti rituals when someone dies.

They think about a life after death. Commemorate the dead.

They learn how to bury or cremate. 

As a hunter you couldn't stand still, you had to move on. Move on!

Farmers live in the same place. Stand still... and remember. Cemeteries arise...

Agricultural revolution

The moment when people switched from hunting and gathering to agriculture

This was a big change in society

(Society of hunters and gatherers --> agricultural society)

A revoltuion means: a big change in society.

Life changed completely!!!