Session 6- Unit 203- Advise and Consult

• Hairdressing
• Further Education (Key Stage 5)

Expectations- Classroom Rules

• No entering the classroom without a tutor 
• No food or drinks  when entering the classroom- Only water in a clear bottle
• Log onto a Chromebook
• Complete 'Do Now' task
•  Participate fully in your session
• No Hands up- Questions- No opt out 
• No use of mobile phones- unless instructed to by tutor
• Learning Review booklets/ Knowledge organisers 
• Remember to put the Chromebooks back at the end of session and remember to log out and put back on charge. 

Unit 203- Advise and Consult 

Today's session

Aim- The principles of hair and skin structures 

Objectives:

Interactive tasks to recap the skin structure and the growth cycle of hair- Wordwall- Google Classroom 

Recap the difference between Contra- Indications and Factors 

Be able to identify Bacterial, Viruses, Non-Infectious and Infestations conditions 

Recall the Keywords from today's session and summarise the session using as many keywords as possible 

Reflect on today's session and identify what misconceptions ( if any) did you have but have now changed since participating in this session. ( 'I used to think', 'Now I think') 

00:36

List the three stages of the hair growth cycle

00:40

Recall the Three zones of the skin structure.

00:51

Describe the Epidermis

00:59

What does the dermis contain?

1. Lymph nodes, lymph vessels, and tonsils.
2. Stomach, liver, lungs, and kidneys.
3. Muscles, bones, tendons, and ligaments.
4. Blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, and hair follicles.

01:11

Describe the purpose of the Subcutaneous layer

03:10

Describe the Sebaceous gland

03:20

Describe the Arrector Pili Muscle

What does the Acronym 'ACT' stand for?

ACT

Anagen 

Catagen

Telogen 

01:18

How long does the Anagen stage last for?

1. 2-7Years
2. 1-6 years
3. 3-6Years
4. 4-6 years

01:44

How long does the Catagen stage last for?

3 Weeks

2 weeks

2-4 Weeks

1-2 Weeks

02:10

Which one best describes the Telogen stage

1. Growing Stage
2. Changing Stage
3. Growing and changing stage
4. Resting Stage

02:28

What happens after the telogen stage

1. Returns to Catagen stage
2. Returns to Telogen stage
3. Returns to Anagen stage
4. Returns to Changing stage

Recall the different Contra-indications

Contra- Indications

Incompatibility with previous products and services

History of allergic reactions

Adverse hair, skin or scalp

Suspected infections and infestations

Medical advice

Recall the different Factors

Factors 

Hair Growth patterns

Lifestyle

Hair Length

Head and Face shape

Client Requirements 
 

Describe the difference between Vellus and terminal hair

Vellus Hair 

Vellus hair is the short, thin, and light-coloured hair that occurs during childhood. It can grow up to 2 mm in length. Moreover, it grows in most of the body parts except lips, palm, back of the ear, sole of the foot, etc. The main function of vellus hair is to keep the body warm.

Terminal Hair 

Terminal hair is the thick, coarse hair that grows on your scalp and makes up your eyelashes and eyebrows. After puberty, terminal hair may also grow on your face, armpits, pubic area, chest and belly (abdomen). Terminal hair covers about 30% of your body’s surface in people assigned female at birth. It covers about 90% of your body’s surface in people assigned male at birth.

List some Non- Infectious Conditions

Non- Infectious Conditions 

Fragilitis crinium- Split Ends

Description: This is commonly known as split ends, where the tip or point of the hair has become dry, roughened and split.

Cause: Harsh physical or chemical treatments.

Treatment: Ideally cutting to remove the split ends. Restructurant conditioning treatments will help to smooth the roughness but will only be temporary. You cannot permanently repair hair that has split.

Trichorrexhis nodosa

Description: This is where hair has become roughened and swollen along the hair shaft and eventually this hair will break off.

Cause: Harsh chemical treatment (e.g. perm rubbers secured too tightly during perming or harsh physical damage caused by elastic bands).

Treatment: Restructurant and penetrating conditioning treatments, but ideally cut damaged hair off.

Monilethrix 

Description: weakened hair due to beaded swellings along the hair shaft

Cause: During development of the hair shaft there is irregular cell production

Treatment: None, although treat gently as the hair is more fragile

Seborrhoea (greasiness)

Description: This is excessive oil produced on the scalp or skin by our oil-producing gland.

Cause: Overactive sebaceous gland, can be stress related.

Treatment: Shampoos for greasy hair and scalp tonics.

Caution: Do not over-stimulate the sebaceous gland by vigorous massage.

Keloids

Description: Overgrown area of rubbery scar tissue larger than the original wound

Cause: Not fully understood but may be a problem with the fibroblasts that produce scar tissue- a poor immune system, hormones and genetics may play apart

Treatment: Steroid injections by GP. In severe cases surgery is used to remove the excess tissue

Damaged cuticle

Description: The cuticle scales are roughened and damaged, creating a dull appearance.

 

Cause: Harsh physical or chemical treatment.

Treatment: Restructurant or penetrating conditioning treatments will help to add strength and shine, but this will only be temporary.

Pityriasis Capitis (Dandruff) 

Description: Small, itchy, dry scales, white or grey in colour.

Cause: Overactive production of epidermal cells; can be caused by stress.

Treatment: Dandruff shampoos (e.g. selenium sulphide or zinc pyrithone) or oil conditioners, tonics or creams applied to the scalp.

List all the Infectious Conditions

Infectious Conditions 

Impetigo

Description: This starts off as small blisters on the skin and develops into large yellow scabs.

Cause: Bacteria entering through broken or cut skin.

Treatment: Medical treatment. This is highly infectious and salon treatment should not be undertaken under any circumstances.

In-Growing Hair

Description: Sore raised areas where the hair follicle is

May become pus-filled

Cause: Close shaving, use of clippers or waxing- hair is removed just below the skin surface, and as it grows it doubles over and grows back on itself

Treatment: If the area becomes filled with pus, antibiotic treatment prescribed by a GP is required-for a very mild case, exfoliation may be enough

Folliculitis- Infectious 

Description: Small yellow pustules with hair in the centre.

Cause: Bacterial infection from scratching or contact with an infected person.

Treatment: Advise medical treatment.

Furunclosis ( Boil or Abscess)

Description: Single, pus-filled red infected lump

Usually found around the neck

Cause: An infected hair follicle

Treatment: Boil is lanced to release the pus by the GP and antibiotic treatment prescribed

Ringworm(Tinea capitis) 

Description: Commonly known as ringworm. Pink patches on the scalp develop into round, grey scaly areas with broken hairs. If left untreated will cause hair loss.

Cause: Fungus spread by direct contact (e.g. touching) or indirectly (e.g. through brushes, combs and towels).

Treatment: This is highly infectious and therefore no salon treatment should be undertaken. Advise medical treatment.

Warts

Description: These are flesh-coloured, raised lumps of skin.

Cause: Virus spread by direct contact (e.g. touching). Warts are only infectious if damaged.

Treatment: Salon services can be undertaken, taking care not to catch them with a brush or comb.

Infestations 

Scabies- Infestation 

Description: Red irritating spots and lines under the skin caused by mites burrowing in the skin.

Cause: Animal parasite known as the itch mite often caught from pets.

Treatment: No salon treatment should be undertaken. Advise medical treatment.

Pediculosis capitis- ( Head lice) 

Description: Commonly known as head lice. Small parasites with six legs live off the scalp by biting and sucking the blood. They re-produce by laying eggs (nits) and cementing them to the hair shaft. They can be very difficult to remove.

Cause: Infestation of lice producing nit eggs.

Treatment: No salon treatment. Advise medical treatment from doctor or pharmacist.

Bacterial infection

Viral infection

Fungal infection

Parasitic infection

Non- Infectious

List all the relevant tests you should carry out

Elasticity 

Damp a few strands of hair- slightly strech between finger and thumb.

Good condition- should stretch and return 

Poor condition- will not return- will snap

Porosity 

Take a few strands of hair- run fingers from tip to root to check for raised cuticles.

 Feels bumpy- Poor condition- raised cuticles

Smooth- Good condition 

Incompatibility Test

Take a small cutting piece and place in

20mls of liquid 6% (20Vol) Hydrogen peroxide with approximately 6 drops of perm lotion.

 You are checking to see if there is any fizzing, bubbles on the surface or if the hair disintegrates. 

Strand Test 

To check the development of colour 

Wipe a small area with damp cotton wool 

Which test checks the condition of the cuticle?

1. elasticity
2. porosity
3. incompatibility
4. strand

Elasticity test checks for what?

1. if the cuticle is open
2. checks condition of cuticle
3. check if medualla is present
4. strength of the cortex

If I mix a solution of ammonium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide 20:1 what test am I completing?

1. porosity
2. elasticity
3. incompatibility
4. skin

Strand tests are used for what?

1. check colour development
2. check if the hair is strong
3. to establish which product to use
4. check if the cuticle is open

List the key aspects covered in today's session- Chose at least Three aspects and write a short summary explaining them.