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hyperbole: an author or speaker purposely and obviously exaggerates to an extreme. It is used for emphasis or as a way of making a description more creative and humorous.
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"That suitcase weighed a ton!"
- understatement: Understatement is when a writer presents a situation or thing as if it is less important or serious than it is in reality.
--> "It's only -5 outside, it is not that cold!"