English week 13 (26-03, 27-03)

• Engels
• Voortgezet speciaal onderwijs

Grammatica Unit 4

This lesson: A summary of all the grammar from unit 4, which you will need for the Selftest and/or Catch Up

Grammar

- Past Simple & Present Perfect

- Past Passive

- Could have / Would have / Should have

- Adjective or Adverb

Past Simple & Present Perfect

Past Simple: verb + ed (or irregular verb form)

- I walked home yesterday. / He took the bus this morning.

- Gebruik: Wanneer iets in het verleden is gebeurd en het is wel belangrijk wanneer.

Present Perfect: have or has + voltooid deelwoord (= verb + ed, or irr. form)

- I have lived in Utrecht since 2011. / They have swum in the sea.

- Gebruik: Wanneer iets is gebeurd en het is niet belangrijk wanneer. Of wanneer iets in het verleden begonnen is en het gaat nu nog steeds door. 

1. He . . . (opbellen / to ring) his mother yesterday evening.

1. ringed
2. has ringed
3. rang
4. has rung

2. They . . . (werken / to work) at this school since 2008.

1. worked
2. wurk
3. has worked
4. have worked

1. Past simple: "He rang his mother yesterday evening."

Waarom? Er staat yesterday evening in de zin, het is dus wel belangrijk wanneer het is gebeurd. De verleden tijd van to ring = rang (ring/rang/rung)

2. Present perfect: "They have worked at this school since 2008."

Waarom? Het is in het verleden begonnen en gaat nu nog steeds door. 

Past Passive

was of were + voltooid deelwoord (= verb + ed, or irr. verb form)

Lijdende vorm --> In plaats van "Jeffrey at een appel" is de lijdende (passieve) vorm "De appel werd gegeten door Jeffrey".

- Miss Feenstra's house was built a year ago.  

- These phones were made in China.

- The test answers were leaked by an anonymous source. 

3. Maak een Past Passive zin van:
"He bought a book"

1. The book were bought by him.
2. The book was bought by he.
3. The book was bought by him.
4. The book were bought by he.

3. "He bought a book" --> "The book was bought by him."

Waarom? 'The book' is enkelvoud, dus je gebruikt 'was' en niet 'were'. 

Could have / Would have / Should have

Could have = Had kunnen

- I could have done this at school, but I chose to do it at home.

Would have = Zou hebben

- I wouldn't have rung you if it wasn't super important!

Should have = Had moeten 

- They should have brought an umbrella, they knew it was going to rain. 

4. "She . . . have listened to the instructions, now she doesn't know what to do."

1. should
2. could
3. would

4. "She should have listened to the instructions . . . "

Waarom? De complete zin vertaald naar: "Ze had naar de instructies moeten luisteren, nu weet ze niet wat ze moet doen." --> De andere opties 'had kunnen' en 'zou hebben' passen niet in de zin.

Meer uitleg over could/would/should:

https://englishlive.ef.com/blog/language-lab/use-should-would-could/ 

 

Adjective or Adverb

Adjective: bijvoegelijk naamwoord

- Zegt iets over een zelfstandig naamwoord (noun).

- Do you think he is a good teacher? /  It is next to the red car. / Australia has had some extreme weather. 

Adverb: bijwoord

- Geven aan hoe iets gebeurt (hoe snel/vaak/erg/etc.)

- Ze staan: vóór het hoofdwerkwoord, maar ná am/is/was/were 

- I have never seen that movie. / She is still listening to the radio. / He quickly walked home when it started to rain. 

5. "You are such a . . . person."

1. stupid
2. stupidly

6. "I could . . . use some help!"

1. bad
2. badly

5. "You are such a stupid person."

Waarom? Het woord 'stupid' zegt iets over het zelfstandige naamwoord 'person', dus je gebruikt een adjective (bijvoegelijk naamwoord). 

6. "I could badly use some help!"

Waarom? Het woord 'badly' zegt hoe de persoon hulp nodig heeft, dus je gebruikt een adverb (bijwoord). Het bijwoord staat vóór het hoofdwerkwoord 'use'.