Paragraph 2.2: Rivers of ice

• Aardrijkskunde
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

2.2: Rivers of Ice (glaciers)

At the end of this lesson you will know

• how glaciers erode and build landscape

Language aim: you can explain the outline of a glacier with the words lateral morene/terminal morene

Remember last lesson?

Homework from last few weeks was paragraph 1 

exercises 1 to 9. 

Today we start with paragraph 2.

How does a young mountain range become an old one? (don't say: time)

Search for a photo of an old
mountain range.

The glacier melts, the rocks in the glacier are left behind...

1. Erosion
2. Transportation
3. Deposition

On the photo you
can see a form of...

1. Weathering
2. Erosion

Erosion can happen without weathering

1. yes
2. no

Erosion is the transport of the sediments, weathering is the breaking down of materials

1. True
2. False

When it flows fast it picks up materials.
What is it?

1. Erosion
2. Deposition

What did the oceanic crust say when it ran into the continental plate? My fault!

Weathering or erosion?

Weathering or erosion?

Weathering or erosion?

Types of weathering

Mechanical weathering

Weathering that does not change the composition of rock

Chemical weathering

Weathering that changes the composition of rock.

Biological weathering

Weathering caused by living organisms.

Note down!!

terminal moraine

Pulverized material pushed forward by a glacier.

lateral moraine

Debris on the side of an ice lobe

Tasks

Paragraph 2: 1 to 4

River assignment

Assignment

Make a drawing of a glacier (not an exact replica)

Fill in the following words in the right spot: 

Lateral moraine

Terminal moraine

Firn basin

Glacial portal

Ready?
Please start with paragraph 2: 1 to 4

transported by ICE

transported by WIND

transported by WATER

Match the descriptions with the terms.

The combination of abrasion and plucking.

Glaciers melt and leave behind rocks and sand.

A glacier picks up a rock.

Lines on a rock, made by glaciers that scraped the glacier bed.

A glacier moves down the mountain and drags rocks along.

Rocks at the base of the glacier scrape the glacier bed.

Water gets into little cracks in the rock. As the water freezes, it expands. The crack becomes bigger.

Rocks that are left behind when the glacier melts.

Rocks inside, underneath, besides and on top of glaciers

Deposition

Freeze-thaw weathering

Erosion

Plucking

Glacial till

Abrasion

Transportation

Striations

Moraines

Explain in your own words how a waterfall forms.

What do you know at the end of the lesson?

1.The characteristics of the upper reaches of the Rhine

2.How the Schaffhausen waterfall was formed

Language aim:
-You are able to use the words glacier fed, rain fed and mixed river in a correct sentence.

Glacier

 Firn basin

 
Glacier

Glacial Portal

Lateral moraine

MORAINES

The rhine catchment area

Upper reaches

Alps in Switzerland (Basel) to Bingen Germany 

Fast currents

A lot of erosion

V-Shaped valley with steep sides

en

Waterfall of schaffhausen

Assignment

The Rhine is a mixed rivertype. Take the atlas and find for every type a river. What is your approach?

Explain how you came to the conclusion. Write it down in your notebook.

Glacier fed:
Rain fed: 

Mixed:
Done? continue with exercises 5 to 10 

What do you know at the end of the lesson?

1.The characteristics of the upper reaches of the Rhine

2.How the Schaffhausen waterfall was formed

Language aim:
-You are able to use the words glacier fed, rain fed and mixed river in a correct sentence.

To do

Paragraph 2.2 finished

Rhine assignment