3.3 Europe and the World- III

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Tuesday the 12th of March

 §3.3 Europe and the World

Goals of this lesson

• You can explain why the States General established the VOC.
  
• You can explain the special position of the VOC.
  
• You can distinguish  the activities of the VOC and the WIC.
  
• You can explain how a world economy arose (and how the VOC and WIC contributed to this) 

What did we do last time?

Does it belong to the VOC or the WIC?

VOC

WIC

Indies

Trade with Japan

slavetrade

spices

sugar, tabacco

privateering

the WIC (1621):

- Trade with America and West Africa

(slavetrade)

- Privateering (against Spain and Portugal)

  

Due to a lot of competition from other countries, the WIC never became as successful as the VOC.

 

In 1628, Captain Piet Hein managed to deal a heavy blow to Spain by capturing the Silver Fleet (a fleet of a load of silver used to pay for the war).

The engraving shows the conquest of the treasure fleet led by Admiral Piet Heyn in the bay of Matanzas. In September 1628, the Silver Fleet ran into Piet Hein's fleet. This almost immediately succeeds in capturing nine ships. The other ships that are part of the Silver Fleet flee into Mantanzas Bay on the north coast of Cuba. However, Piet Hein and his men soon manage to conquer these ships as well. The loot consists of gold, pearls, merchandise and 177,000 pounds of silver representing a total value of 11.5 million guilders.

the territories of the WIC

In order to participate in the triangular trade between Europe, Africa and America, the WIC took possession of territories.

 

In WIC possession remained Suriname, African coastal forts and the Antillean islands.

Public sale of a slave and her two children in Paramaribo. (Drawing by P.J. Benoït, Voyage à Surinam (1839), pl. 89, University of Amsterdam collection).

Blue areas = sphere of influence of the WIC

Green areas = sphere of influence of the VOC

New Netherland: founded as a colony in 1624 and formally ceded (in practice exchanged for Suriname) to England at the Peace of Breda in 1667.

Nederlands-Brazilië was van 1630 tot 1654 een Nederlandse kolonie in Zuid-Amerika, het huidige Brazilië. Werd gesticht nadat Piet Hein de Spaanse zilvervloot had veroverd en de West-Indische Compagnie veel geld had. In 1654 werd de kolonie terugveroverd door de Portugezen.

Suriname: De Britse kolonie Willoughbyland werd in februari 1667 veroverd door de Zeeuw Abraham Crijnssen; Willoughbyland werd hernoemd naar Suriname. Suriname kwam – nadat de Engelsen de kolonie kortstondig hadden overgenomen – wederom in handen van de Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden na de Tweede Engels-Nederlandse Oorlog. Bij de Vrede van Breda kreeg de Republiek de soevereiniteit over Suriname in ruil voor Nieuw-Nederland dat door de Engelsen werd hernoemd tot New York.

Dutch Antilles: these West Indian islands were colonized by the WIC from about 1634 to 1792. This colonial status came to an end when on December 15, 1954, after eight years of negotiations, the Statute for the Kingdom of the Netherlands was signed by the Netherlands, Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles. On Nov. 25, 1975, Suriname became an independent state and since then the Kingdom of the Netherlands consisted of the Netherlands and the Netherlands Antilles.

 Goldcoast: In the Gold Coast Treaty of Feb. 25, 1871, the Dutch factories on the Gold Coast were sold to the British for 47,000 guilders. In return, the Netherlands received assurances that the British would not intervene in efforts to capture Aceh in northern Sumatra.

Look at the picture about the triangular trade.

Drag the words to the correct place in the picture:

Slaves

Coffee, cotton, tobacco

Firearms, gunpowder, textiles.

Read 3.3

Complete exercises: 1 to 10

1 A African slave traders kidnap more Africans to sell as slaves.

1. supply
2. demand

B Europeans want more sugar, cocoa, tobacco, coffee and spices.

1. supply
2. demand

C Europeans want to buy more slaves in Africa.

1. supply
2. demand

D In America plantations produce more sugar, cocoa, tobacco and coffee.

1. supply
2. demand

E Europeans want to buy more spices in Asia.

1. supply
2. demand

F Plantation owners in America need more slaves.

1. supply
2. demand

Do you have (at the moment) a question about the questions in the book?

yes

no

Do you have any questions (at the moment) about 3.1, 3.2 or 3.3?

yes

no

What is new information about the VOC?

What is new information about he VOC?

What reasons does the film show for the rise and fall of the Republic?

What reasons does the film show for the rise and fall of the Republic?

D In America plantations produce more sugar, cocoa, tobacco and coffee.

1. supply
2. demand