9.1.2 Europe goes to war -TEACH-

• History
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

9.1.2: World War 1: Europe goes to war

9. The Time of World Wars

Study the source.
What disadvantage of an alliance does this
source illustrate?

Drag the characteristics that you can read in the hotspots below to the correct countries

multi-ethnic state

largest navy

lost much territory in the Balkans

had annexed Bosnia

felt surrounded and vulnerable

Czar Nicolas II

wants its "place under the sun"

wants revenge for losing Alsace-Loraine

a colonial empire where the "sun never sets"

June 28

July 28

July 29

August 1

August 3

August 4

Britain declares war on Germany

Germans invade Belgium 

Russia gets ready to help Serbia

Franz Ferdinand assassinated

Germany declares war on Russia

Austria declares war on Serbia

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie Chotek, on their state visit to Sarajevo. The illustration was published in the French newspaper Le Petit Journal on July 12, 1914.

a German soldier accepts flowers from a woman in the street. The soldiers are cheerful. It's going to be a "Frische und Fröliche Krieg"

general Alfred von Schlieffen

Lesson 9.1.2

• Autumn 1914:
• the schlieffenplan failed.
• The Blitzkrieg turned into a stalemate
• = when neither side can make a winning move
• both sides dug trenches.
• the soldiers now faced a trench war....
• ....for the next 4 years....

Sandbags were filled with earth and mud, and were meant to protect the soldiers

At the beginning of the war, the rations were still reasonable, but as the war lasted longer, there was also less (good) food.

If the soldiers did not have to fight, they would, for example, play cards.

In addition to the enemy, the soldiers suffered a lot from pests, such as rats and fleas. Some soldiers passed the time between battles by killing rats.

Dogs not only kept the soldiers company, they also delivered messages between the various trenches.

Soldiers could often only sleep during the day, because at night it was a good time to spy on the trenches of the enemies.

With a periscope, the soldiers could view the enemy without taking great risks. A periscope works with mirrors.

Thousands of letters and diaries of soldiers from the First World War have been preserved. These are important and valuable resources nowadays.

For the safety of the soldiers, the trenches were zigzag-shaped.

40,000 km of trenches are being built between the North Sea and the Swiss border (Western Front).

The area between the trenches is completely plowed in four years. It's called "no man's land".

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/0/ww1/

360˚ video of a trench

During the video you can look in all directions! Try it out!

Keeping watch was one of the most important tasks you could get. There were very severe punishments for falling asleep during the watch.

Besides fighting and keeping watch, there were plenty of other annoying chores in a trench, such as replenishing sandbags, repairing barbed wire or emptying the latrines (toilets)

The Germans used the largest piece of artillery during the war, called the Pariser Kanone. They used this supergun to attack Paris from a distance of 120 kilometres. Other big cannons were ‘Fat Bertha’ and ‘Langer Max.’ All made by Krupstahl .

‘Over the top’

congratulations

congratulations

Discuss: What was this document about and how did it affect the course of the war?