This lesson contains 39 slides, with text slides and 4 videos.
Lesson duration is: 45 min
Items in this lesson
Unit 1 what to learn?
Basic 1 until 6
Slide 1 - Slide
Tips
The coloured words in the book are important! Make sure you always learn what they are and mean! You can use Quizlet to help you learn them.
Assignments help you practice for the test, always do them en also correct them!
Practice with: lessonups, Quizlet, BVJ online or Biologiepagina.nl
Slide 2 - Slide
B1 Metabolism
You can write down the reaction formula of photosynthesis.
You can explain why glucose contains lots of energy
You can recognize mitochondria en explain their function.
Slide 3 - Slide
Photosynthesis
Energy sun -> glucose
Water + carbon dioxide -> Oxygen and glucose
Slide 4 - Slide
Metabolism
Conversion of substances in a cell into other substances
Glucose is formed during photosynthesis
During metabolism glucose is converted into different products
Slide 5 - Slide
The pathway of glucose
The breakdown of for instead glucose or other substances is decomposition.
glucose is broken down in the mitochondria
breakdown of glucose in the body --> body respiration
Slide 6 - Slide
Slide 7 - Slide
B2 Respiration and combustion
You know that a combustion needs fuel and oxygen.
You know that a combustion releases energy and waste products.
You can list/recognize examples of combustion.
You know the difference between combustion and respiration.
You can explain why organisms need respiration.
You can explain why organisms need to breathe oxygen
You can write down the reaction formula of respiration.
Slide 8 - Slide
1.2 - Respiration and combustion
Text
Slide 9 - Slide
Combustion (= verbranding)
Specific form of combustion in our cells = cellular respiration
Cellular respiration: Glucose is broken down to energy and water
Slide 10 - Slide
Cellular respiration
Glucose + oxygen -> water + carbondioxide + energy
Slide 11 - Slide
B3 The respiratory system
You can name, recognize and explain the functions of the parts shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
You can write down the route air takes when you in- and exhale.
You can list 5 reasons why breathing through your nose is more healthy.
You can describe how the uvula and epiglottis move during normal breathing and swallowing.
You can explain how the windpipe and bronchi are built
Slide 12 - Slide
Slide 13 - Slide
What happens if you choke?
Slide 14 - Slide
Slide 15 - Slide
Check out the picture for all the parts!
The walls of the nasal cavity are covered with the nasal lining, which has mucus-producing cells (cells that produce mucus, slijm).
-->This is also called themucous membrane.
The mucus moistens the air that you inhale.
Under the nasal lining are a lot of small blood vessels that keep the nasal lining warm. This also warms up the inhaled air.
Slide 16 - Slide
B4 Breathing
You can explain how the composition of air changes inside the alveoli.
You can explain how the composition of blood changes when it passes the alveoli.
You can explain how and when oxygen and carbon dioxide are added to the blood and when/why they leave the blood.
You can list the differences between chest- and abdominal breathing
For both ways of breathing, you can explain step by step how they make air enter or leave the lungs.
Slide 17 - Slide
The walls of the lung capillaries and alveoli are extremely thin (1 cell layer).
The surface area (het oppervlakte) of the alveoli is really big. This means gas exchange can happen at many places.
Because of the thin walls and the big surface area, gas exchange can happen very fast!
(there are about 300-500 million alveoli's in your lungs)
Slide 18 - Slide
Gas exchange
1) Oxygen comes from the air we inhale into the alveoli -> Oxygen goes from alveoli through the wall into the blood of the lung capillary -> blood brings Oxygen to all the cells in the body.
2) Blood brings Carbon dioxide from cells to the lungs -> Carbon dioxide goes from blood through the walls into the alveoli -> We breath out the Carbon dioxide.
Slide 19 - Slide
Slide 20 - Video
Chest breathing
Abdominal breathing
Slide 21 - Slide
Slide 22 - Video
B5 Healthy airways
You can explain how smoking or smog can damage lungs.
You can explain why these lungs have more difficulty working correctly.
You can list reasons why ventilation is important.
You can explain what a hay fever is, and what symptoms people suffer.
Slide 23 - Slide
What is inside a sigaret?
- Carbon monoxide (binding to blood cells instead of oxygen)
- Tar (coughing, sticky layer inside alveoli)
- Nicotine (addicted)
Slide 24 - Slide
Slide 25 - Video
Smog
Slide 26 - Slide
Dust
Slide 27 - Slide
How to keep your lungs healthy?
- Exercise/sports
- Fresh air
- No smoking!
Slide 28 - Slide
Asthma
Notes
1. chronic lung disease - will NOT go away
2. muscles of the bronchioles contract - airways become small and difficult to breath
3. Symptom: shortness of breath
Slide 29 - Slide
COPD
Notes:
1. Chronic inflammation (ontsteking) of the airways
2. Usually caused by smoking
3. Smoke causes mucous lining (slijmvlies) to swell up and produce more mucous
4. Bronchioles and alveoli are also blocked - severe case
Slide 30 - Slide
Healthy
Smoking
Slide 31 - Slide
Hay fever
Notes:
1. Caused by pollen (stuifmeel) from flowers
2. Pollen sticks to mucous lining
3. Symptoms: burning and itchy nose, throat, eyes
Slide 32 - Slide
Allergy
Notes
Allergy: hypersensitive to a particular substance
Allergic reaction: a reaction to something that you breath or eat
Examples: dust, animal hairs, makeup, or food
Slide 33 - Slide
B6 Breathing in animals
You can describe how gas exchange occurs in various different groups of animals.
Slide 34 - Slide
Slide 35 - Video
What is an Amoeba?
Single cell organism (Greek amoibe, means changing)
Can alter it's shape
Eats bacteria
Lives as parasite in animals or in water
Slide 36 - Slide
Amoeba
Where is the respiratory surface (RS)? Cell membrane
How is the RS kept moist? They live in water
Where does the organism get its oxygen from? From the water
How does oxygen go from RS to cells? Via diffusion into and out of the cytoplasm over the cell membrane
How is the surface of the RS increased? Folds of the cell membrane
Slide 37 - Slide
Fish
Where is the respiratory surface (RS)? Gills
How is the RS kept moist? They live in water
Where does the organism get its oxygen from? From the water
How does oxygen go from RS to cells? Gas exchange between the water and blood in the gills
How is the surface of the RS increased? Gill arches and fine lamelles
Slide 38 - Slide
Insect
Where is the respiratory surface (RS)? Spiracles (small holes in their abdomen)
How is the RS kept moist? Not always moist
Where does the organism get its oxygen from? Air
How does oxygen go from RS to cells? By diffusion sometimes pumping air
How is the surface of the RS increased? Many tubes within tubes