The United Kingdom (UK) is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. England, the largest of the four, is known for its historic landmarks such as Big Ben and Buckingham Palace in the capital city of London. Scotland, located to the north, boasts breathtaking landscapes including the Highlands and Loch Ness, as well as cultural treasures like Edinburgh Castle. Wales, to the west, is famous for its rugged coastline, castles, and the Welsh language. Northern Ireland, situated on the island of Ireland, offers stunning natural beauty such as the Giant's Causeway and vibrant cities like Belfast. Together, these diverse nations form the the United Kingdom.