14.2 Producing food
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BiologieMiddelbare schoolhavoLeerjaar 3
This lesson contains 15 slides, with text slides.
Items in this lesson
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14.2 Producing food
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14 Sustainable lifestyle
14.2 Producing food- Welcome!
- Learning objectives
- Instruction
- Assignments
- End of class
Learning objectives
You will learn how farmers produce food and why they have to adhere to certain rules.
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Who produces our food?
Crop farmers
Horticulturists(growers)
Stock farmers
More than half of the Netherlands' surface area is used for food production
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Historically
Mixed farm = growing of crops as well as raising livestock
- closed cycle
It has changed because of an increase in:
- inhabitants
- export
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Modern agricultural companies
1. Producing one single product in large volumes
- monoculture
- intensive farming
2. Increasing profits
- manure =mest (extra minerals)
- concentrate feeds (extra minerals and proteins)
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lack of minerals = lower yield
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Modern agricultural companies
3. Preventing illnesses and damages
- infestations= organisms that cause damage to crops
- pesticides
- good hygiëne
4. Growing mega crops and mega cattle
- cross breed = improving the characteristics of plants by cross-pollination and of animals by selective breeding programmes.
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Strict laws and regulations for farmers:
- Rules for producing and using manure
- Rules for pesticides
- Rules for animal welfare
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1. Rules for producing and using manure
Manure surplus = producing more manure than needed to fertilise the fields
Over-fertilisation = When more fertiliser is used on the fields than the plants need
Eutrophication = when too many minerals end up in the soil and in surface water
- Algal bloom = rapid growth of algae and duckweed in ditches and ponds due to increased levels of fertiliser minerals
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1. Rules for producing and using manure
Acidification
Ammonia = a foul-smelling gas that is released from organic manure; in the soil and in the air it is converted into nitric acid which acidifies the soil
Mineral bookkeeping
Manure injection
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2. Rules for pesticides
- Selective: only kills pests or infesting weeds and not many other species
- Biodegradable: can be broken down by fungi and bacteria
Toxic accumulation =increase of the amount of toxic substances in organisms in a food cycle due to the passing on of toxic substances within the food cycle
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3. Rules for animal welfare
As much natural behavior as possible
Animal welfare requirements include:
A minimum amount of light and space is required
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What?
Make: 14.2 assignments 4, 5, 7-11, 13-16, 18, 19
How?
Work in your book. You may consult in a whisper.
Help?
Ask your neighbour first. Then raise your hand to ask me.
Time?
10 minutes
Finished?
Check your answers. Study for the big test.
