Y3V-T2-LSN8

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

 LESSON 8

CHAPTER 10

Immunization and immune disorders

Learning goals:

• I can explain what the concept of immunisation means
• I understand and I can explain the various forms of immunisation
• I can explain what the consequences are of a not properly functioning immune system

KEY WORDS:

• immunisation
• active / passive / natural / artificial
• serum
• blood groups
• allergic reaction
• 
  

Which cell type(s) is the most important contributing factor to immunity?

1. macrophages and neutrophils
2. dendritic cells
3. active B- and T-cells
4. memory B- and T cells

Explain what it means when someone is immune

Immunisation

The action and process of making someone immune

Describe different ways how someone can be immunised.

4 categories of immunisation

Passive immunisation

a way of immunisation in which NO memory cells are formed because the adaptive immune system remained passive

advantage: immunity is obtained almost immediately

drawback: immunity is only for the short term

Active immunisation

a way of immunisation in which memory cells are formed because the adaptive immune system was activated

advantage: immunity is long-lasting

drawback: it takes time before immunity is obtained

Someone is injected with an antidote: antibodies against a disease.

This is a form of ...

1. passive immunization
2. active immunization

Natural vs artificial immunisation

natural immunisation

the way someone encountered the immunising agent occured in a natural fashion 

artificial immunisation

the way someone encountered the immunising agent occured in a artificial fashion 

Kyara is a baby who still drinks milk from her mother. This milk contains antibodies from the mother.

The described form of immunisation is ...

1. natural
2. artificial

active 

passive 

natural 

artificial

Drag the example to the correct spot in the table

getting infected with the flu-virus

an unborn child receiving mommy's antibodies 

getting your annual COVID-19 shot

receiving an antidote against a snake-bite 

ACTIVE IMMUNISATION           PASSIVE IMMUNISATION

WHO PRODUCES THE ANTIBODIES?

Get the disease

- Make your own antibodies

--Make long term memory cells

Vaccination/immunisation

- Make your own antibodies

--Make long term memory cells

Placenta or breastfeeding

- Mother makes antibodies

--No long term memory cells

Serum (blood plasma containing antibodies)

- Antibodies from serum

--No long term memory cell

artificial

natural

In case of a vaccination, what is being injected into the patient?

1. antigens
2. antibodies

Vaccination is an example of what kind of immunization?

1. passive natural
2. active natural
3. passive artificial
4. active artificial

Learning goals:

• I can explain what the concept of immunization means
• I understand and I can explain the various forms of immunization
• I can explain what the consequences are of a not properly functioning immune system

Homework

• Access the Kerboodle pdf via the classroom (updates tab) and read the following pages: 147-149
• Write on your Material & Methods and Introduction