This lesson contains 23 slides, with interactive quizzes and text slides.
Lesson duration is: 45 min
Items in this lesson
Chapter 7
Farmer and merchant
Slide 1 - Slide
Time of Cities and States (1000-1500)
You see a city gate in white. If you entered a city in the Middle Ages, you had to go through the city gate. In many cities a tall and beautifully decorated church was built. In the background you can see the inside of such a church.
Feniks, Geschiedenis Werkplaats, Memo, Saga
Slide 2 - Slide
Typical Aspects
the rise and spread of Islam
the revival of trade and craft leading to a renewed urban-agrarian society
the rise of the medieval burgher|bourgeoisie and increasingly independent cities
the formation of states and the start of Centralisation
the expansion of the Christian world through crusades
Slide 3 - Slide
At the end of this lesson...
You can describe various improvements that took place within agrarian society starting in 1000 AD.
Slide 4 - Slide
7.2.1
Advancements in agrarian society
Slide 5 - Slide
What did society look like during the early middle ages?
Slide 6 - Mind map
Improving agriculture
Around the year 1000
Crop rotation system
land reclamation
Heavy Plough
Horse collar
The creation of new farmland from unused or ‘waste’ land (swamps, forests, peat lands, or even lakes)
Iron tool for loosening, turning, and making furrows in the soil
Tool for allowing horses or oxen to pull a plough more efficiently
Slide 7 - Slide
Fallow
🐄
The crop rotation system
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Winter grain
☃️
Summer grain
🏖
Summer grain
🏖
Winter grain
☃️
Fallow
🐄
Summer grain
🏖
Winter grain
☃️
Fallow
🐄
Slide 8 - Slide
Advantages?
The heavy plough was able to reach deeper layers of ground. A wooden one couldn't do that!
The horse collar ensured that the ox could pull harder and that his breath was not taken away.
Slide 9 - Slide
7.2.2
From agricultural surpluses to new cities
Slide 10 - Slide
At the end of this lesson...
You can explain how cities were created in the Middle Ages
You can explain what the hanseatic league is
You can explain what craftsmen are and name several examples
Slide 11 - Slide
Late Middle Ages
Time of cities and states (1000-1500)
It is ''safer'' and ''calmer''
There is more trade
Money returns
The amount of people grows
Cities are created
Dit is een plattegrond van Zwolle in de Middeleeuwen
Slide 12 - Slide
More trade!
Improvements in agriculture yield more harvests
Surpluses are sold or exchanged at markets
Money is increasingly used as a (convenient) medium of exchange
End to Viking attacks in Western Europe: more security
Traders therefore come to different countries and bring different products (wine or silk) with them.
Slide 13 - Slide
Working and selling
Because the harvest is increasing, not everyone has to be a farmer anymore: other professions are emerging: Craftspeople
The profession of merchant also emerged.
With the arrival of new cities: an urban-agrarian society
Coins came back into circulation.
Examples of crafts in a medieval city:
- blacksmith
- Baker
- carpenter
- cabinet maker
- brewer
- tailor
Slide 14 - Slide
7.2.3
Trade alliances
Slide 15 - Slide
Hanseatic League
Most towns had a town square where markets were held.
The most important market was the annual fair, which lasted a few weeks.
Many traders traveled from annual fair to annual fair.
A group of cities in Europe worked together to increase trade.
They called their association the Hanseatic League.
This is a map of Deventer, one of the Hanseatic cities.
Slide 16 - Slide
Kaart waarop alle Hanze-steden te zien zijn. De steden van de Hanze lagen vooral in Duitsland. Hier in Nederland waren onder andere de IJsselsteden Kampen en Deventer lid van de Hanze.
Handelaren van Hanzesteden hadden allerlei voordeeltjes als ze handelden in elkaars steden. Ze betaalden bijvoorbeeld minder tol en belasting.