V4 - P2 - Week 1 - Lesson 2 - Grammar: present perfect+past perfect

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

V4 - P2 - Week 1 - Lesson 2

Today's Lesson

Grammar refresh: Present perfect and Past perfect

Reading

Lesson goals

- You will have refreshed your grammar knowledge

- You will have practised your reading skills

They have lived here since 1999.

Wonen de mensen er nog?

1. Ja
2. Nee

She has played great tennis at Wimbledon this year, so she is the favourite for this final.

Waarom is zij de favoriet in de finale?

Refresher: Present perfect

1. She _______________ (steal) all the chocolate. It's all gone!

2. They _____________ (visit/never) France.

3. We _____________ (live) here for 20 years.

4. I ________________ (work) for the company since 2015.

5. He ______________ (break) his leg.

6. You ____________ (keep) a dog for 2 years.

Put the answers to the Refresher here:
1-6

1. She _______________ (steal) all the chocolate. It's all gone!

2. They _____________ (visit/never) France.

3. We _____________ (live) here for 20 years.

4. I ________________ (work) for the company since 2015.

5. He ______________ (break) his leg.

6. You ____________ (keep) a dog for 2 years.

Wanneer gebruik je de Present Perfect?

• Wanneer gebruik je de Present Perfect?
  

Je gebruikt de Present perfect op verschillende momenten:

a. Iets is in het verleden begonnen en is nu nog bezig.

Bijvoorbeeld: They have lived here since 1999.

b. Het resultaat van een gebeurtenis in het verleden is nu nog merkbaar of belangrijk.

Bijvoorbeeld: He has changed a lot lately.

She has played great tennis at Wimbledon this year, so she is the favourite for this final.

Hoe maak je de Present Perfect?

De Present perfect maak je door 

het werkwoord “to have” + het voltooid deelwoord te gebruiken.

Het voltooid deelwoord maak je door stam + ed van het hoofdwerkwoord te maken, maar bij onregelmatige werkwoorden maak je gebruik van de 3e vorm.

Voorbeeld: I have walked, we have seen.

Uitzonderingen

Let op! Uitzondering: 

he/she/it krijgen geen have, maar has + voltooid deelwoord.

Voorbeeld: She has walked, he has seen, it has fallen.

Signaalwoorden

Er kunnen woorden in de zin staan die aangeven dat het Present perfect is:

Just, ever, never, yet, already, since, for, lately, so far, up till now, (for) how long?

•  Voorbeelden:
  

• He has been in Spain since Friday.

• I have worked here for 20 years.

• She has broken her arm.

• They have never played tennis.

• What have you done so far?

De vragende en ontkennende vorm van de Present Perfect

• Vraagvorm: 

have/has + onderwerp + voltooid deelwoord (stam + ed) 

= Have you already done your homework?

• Ontkenningsvorm: 

onderwerp + have/has + not + voltooid deelwoord (stam + ed)

= He has not finished his homework.

Refresher: Past Perfect

1. Kevin ____________ (go) home by the time I arrived.

2. Ethan suddenly realised that he __________ (leave) his laptop on the train.

3. Mum was annoyed because I ___________ (not clean) my room.

4. We were hungry because we ___________ (not eat).

5. My phone worked perfectly because I _____________(charge) it.

6. Sally was embarrassed because she _________ (forget) her dad's birthday.

Put the answers to the Refresher here:
1-6

1. Kevin ____________ (go) home by the time I arrived.

2. Ethan suddenly realised that he __________ (leave) his laptop on the train.

3. Mum was annoyed because I ___________ (not clean) my room.

4. We were hungry because we ___________ (not eat).

5. My phone worked perfectly because I _____________(charge) it.

6. Sally was embarrassed because she _________ (forget) her dad's birthday.

Wanneer gebruik je de Past Perfect?

Je gebruikt de Past perfect bij één of meerdere gebeurtenissen die plaats vonden in het verleden vóór de meest recente gebeurtenis in het verleden.

Bijvoorbeeld: 

Sue had been ill for two weeks when the doctor came and saw her.

Hoe maak je de Past Perfect?

De Past perfect maak je door het werkwoord “had” + het voltooid deelwoord te gebruiken.

Het voltooid deelwoord maak je door stam + ed van het hoofdwerkwoord te maken, maar bij onregelmatige werkwoorden maak je gebruik van de 3e vorm.

> De Past perfect komt altijd voor in combinatie met de Past simple.

Voorbeeld: I had walked home after I went to school

Signaalwoorden

Er kunnen woorden in de zin staan die aangeven dat het Past perfect is:

after, before, when, as soon as

• Voorbeelden:
  

• When I left home this morning, I had already had breakfast and done my homework.

• She needed help because someone had stolen her car.

• He passed the test because he had studied a lot.

• After she had done her homework, she visited me.

• We had spoken to the athlete, before he won the race.

De vragende en ontkennende vorm van de Past Perfect

Vraagvorm: Had + onderwerp + voltooid deelwoord (stam + ed)

= Had I played with a ball?

Ontkenningsvorm: onderwerp + had + not + voltooid deelwoord (stam + ed)

= I had not played with a ball.

Reading

Studentfile page 1-2

Magazine pages 3-5

Assignment 4:

Choose the correct answer by reading the article

Lesson goals

- You have refreshed your grammar knowledge

- You will have practised your reading skills

WELL DONE!