Perspective is how the characters view and process what’s happening within the story. Here’s how it compares with point of view:
Point of view focuses on the type of narrator used to tell the story
Perspective focuses on how this narrator perceives what’s happening within the story
You can use perspective in all points of view to help define your narrator’s attitude and personality. The character’s perspective affects how he feels about certain experiences or other characters.
In the landscape of your novel (as in real life), everyone’s perspective should be different. You may have four people at one event, but each person comes away with a unique set of experiences or observations. The story changes depending on who tells it. That’s perspective.