Year 3 Period 4 Grammar (3rd conditional, Pperfect+Psimple, Indirect speech, modals)

• Eng
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Grammar TOPICS

- Past Simple & Present Perfect 

- Past Perfect (+IF sentences)

- Modals

- Indirect speech

1. PAST SIMPLE 

Talking about the past...

If you want to say something that happened

5 minutes ago, yesterday, 5 years ago, in 1994, a Century ago...

you use PAST SIMPLE tense

Example:

- The lesson started 5 minutes ago.

- The students went home early yesterday.

Miss Salehar moved to the Netherlands 5 years ago. 

LIST on pg. 27

Text

pg. 41

VRAGENDE en ONTKENNEDE ZINNEN

Bevestigende:  I bought this shirt on sales yesterday. 

(?) Did I buy this shirt on sales yesterday?

(-) I didn't buy this shirt on sales yesterday.

(?) = Did + persoon + ww (terug naar tegenwoordige tijd) +?

(-) = didn't + ww (terug naar tegenwoordige tijd)

PRESENT PERFECT

Something that happened in the past but it is still true today

1. Miss Salehar has lived in the Netherlands for 5 years.

2. Jane has never skydived. 

3. I have done my homework already.

4. My parents have owned this house since 2001.

HE/SHE/IT -> HAS + ww (3de rijtje)

I, THEY, WE, YOU -> HAVE + ww (3de rijtje)

Signaalwoordjes: since, yet, for __ years, already, never, ever, always

VRAGENDE & ONTKENNENDE ZINNEN

Bevestigende zin: I have already finished reading this book.

(?) Have I already finished reading this book?

(-) I haven't finished reading this book. 

Bevestigende zin: She has lived in Japan for 3 years. 

(?) Has she lived in Japan for 3 years?

(-) She hasn't lived in Japan for 3 years.

Simple Past OR Present Perfect

1. The police _______________________ (arrest) two people early this morning.

2. She ___________________ (go) to Japan a few years ago but yesterday she _________ (come) back.

3. Dan ___________________________ (already/buy) two tablets this year.

4. How many games ________________________ (your team/win) so far this season?

5. (you/visit) ________________________ the CN Tower when you were staying in Toronto?

6. you/do) __________________________ your homework yet? – Yes, I ____________________ (finish) it an hour ago.

7. I __________________________ (not see) Peter since I  _______________________ (arrive) last Tuesday.

8. Frank _______________(get) his bike last May. So he ______________(have) it for 4 months.

PAST SIMPLE vs PRESENT PERFECT

1. They __________ (learn) all the new words. They needn't worry about the test today.

2. Three people __________ (visit) him in hospital last Friday.

3. Martin _______ (cycle) for 50 miles on scenic routes three weeks ago.

4. We (try/never)  chicken Tandoori before.

5. ________ you _________ (find) a job yet?

6. Emily and Molly ____________ (know) each other for more than 10 years now.

7. First he ___________ (listen) to the announcement, then he _________ (go) to a café for a drink.

8. She  __________ (be) late four times this week.

9. What's that lovely smell in here? - Jasmin ___________ (bake) a yummy cake.

10. The Titanic ________ (hit) an iceberg in 1912 and sank within three hours.

KEY

They have learned all the new words. They needn't worry about the test.

Three people visited him in hospital last Friday.

Martin cycled for 50 miles on scenic routes three weeks ago.

We have never tried chicken Tandoori before.

Have you found a job yet?

Emily and Molly have known each other for more than 10 years now.

First he listened to the announcement, then he went to a café for a drink.

She has been late four times this week.

What's that lovely smell in here? - Jasmin has baked a yummy cake.

The Titanic hit an iceberg in 1912 and sank within three hours.

PAST PERFECT

1. When we want to say something happened even BEFORE the event that also happened in the past.

- After Sofie had finished her work, she went to lunch.

• first she finished her work, THEN she went to lunch. 

- I washed the floor when the painter had gone.

• first the painter left, THEN she washed the floor. 

PAST PERFECT

FORM:

- After Sofie had finished her work, she went to lunch.

- I washed the floor when the painter had gone.

• FIRST EVENT: PAST PERFECT (HAD + 3e rijtje!!)
• SECOND EVENT: PAST SIMPLE (2e rijtje)

REVISION:

PAST SIMPLE	PRESENT PERFECT	PAST PERFECT
example sentence: When do we use it? Form:	example sentence: When do we use it? Form:	example sentence: When do we use it? Form:

REVISION:

PAST SIMPLE	PRESENT PERFECT	PAST PERFECT
I went to work yesterday. - actions in the past that are finished - ww 2de rijtje took, rode, saw, wrote, fell, forgot, got, was/were	I have gone to work for the past 3 years. - actions in the past that are still true today - HAVE + ww 3de rijtje taken, ridden, seen, written, fallen, forgotten, got, been	Before I resigned I had worked for 34 years. - Actions in the past that happened even before the action in the past. - HAD + ww 3de rijtje taken, ridden, seen, written, fallen, forgotten, got, been

IF sentences with Past Perfect

3rd conditional (voorwaardelijke zin)

- It didn't happen in the past and it also cannot happen anymore. There is 0% chance I can change the result.

EXAMPLE:

1. If I had worked harder, I would have passed the exam.

 

- the exam has already happened so there is no way we can change the results of the exam.

2. I would have baked a cake if I had known you were coming . 

- you are already here and I didn't bake a cake and I cannot change the events of the past.

HOW:

would + have + 3de rijtje (Present Perfect)

1. If I had worked harder, I would have passed the exam.

 

IF + HAD + 3de rijtje (Past Perfect), would + have + 3de rijtje (Present Perfect)

Would + have + 3de rijtje (Present Perfect), IF + HAD + 3de rijtje (Past Perfect)

2. I would have baked a cake if I had known you were coming . 

IF altijd met HAD + 3de rijtje!!

IF nooit met would!!!

2. Reported Speech

-> When you want to say what someone else said:

2 options: 

A. John said: 'I think Jack the Ripper was a woman.'

• DIRECT SPEECH

B. John said that he thought Jack the Ripper was a woman.

• REPORTED SPEECH

LOOK AT THE CHANGES:

DIRECT SPEECH:

A. John said: 'I think Jack the Ripper was a woman.'

REPORTED SPEECH:

B. John said (that) he thought Jack the Ripper was a woman.

VERB: from present simple -> past simple

pronouns!! I - he, she, ...

More Examples:

Sarah: 'I am living in London.' -> She said (that) she was living in London.

John: 'I bought a car.' -> He said (that) he had bought a car.

Miley: 'I have lived here since 2017.' -> she said she had lived here since 2017.

word 'said' can also be replaced with: told, asked...

EXERCISE: 

1. PRESENT SIMPLE:

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/reported_speech/simple_present_sentences.htm

2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/reported-speech-exercise-10.html

3. Past Simple

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/reported-speech-exercise-9.html

AGENDA

- Reported speech revision

- Modals

- WIRED exercises, words, listening, reading

Reported speech:

... said that...

1. Benjamin: "I often have a big hamburger."

2. Hannah: "They lived in Boston."

3. Tyler: "Ian didn't invite girls to his parties."

4. Dominic: "She understands Japanese."

5. Sophia: "Bella isn't collecting stickers."

6. Robert: "Dennis has downloaded the latest tunes."

7. Olivia: "Leroy is out riding his new waveboard today."

8. Luke: "I don't know what to do."

Reported speech Examples:

Benjamin said (that) he often had a big hamburger.

Hannah said (that) they had lived in Boston.

Tyler told me (that) Ian hadn't invited girls to his parties.

Dominic remarked (that) she understood Japanese.

Sophia explained (that) Bella wasn't collecting stickers.

Robert added (that) Dennis had downloaded the latest tunes.

Olivia explained (that) Leroy was out riding his new waveboard that day.

Luke added (that) he didn't know what to do.

MODALS

- CAN, CAN'T -  (niet) kunnen (bekwaam)

- COULD, COULDN'T - zou (niet) kunnen, misschien iets (niet) klopt 

MIGHT - hetzelfde as could maar nog meer twijfel

MAY - misschien iets klopt, beleefde vragen

- SHOULD, SHOULDN'T - eigenlijk moeten, zou moeten (advies)

- MUST, HAVE TO - moet, verplicht

NOW: Wired exercises complete

If done: Listening and reading

Tomorrow: REVISION

Revision Wednesday

- Past Simple, Present Perfect, Past Perfect (+IF!), Modals

- Words

5 minutes - 3 groups - Look at the notes and think of a fast summary for your schoolmates!

Group 1: Past simple

Group 2: Present Perfect

Group 3: IF sentences with Past Perfect

- When do we use it? (how is it different from the other 2 tenses?)

- an Example sentence

- form

- examples of irregular verbs

past simple vs present perfect

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-simple-present-perfect-1.html

past perfect + IF

https://www.engblocks.com/grammar/exercises/conditionals/conditional-sentences-type-3-positive-and-negative/

IF and WOULD NEVER TOGETHER!!!

Modals

https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/modals/mixed-modals-2

Words

Open quizlet on the web:

- play Gravity

https://quizlet.com/679739481/gravity