§2.4

• Aardrijkskunde
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

§2.4: Megacity, city in a growth crisis 

Today

• Explanation § 2.4 
  
• Assignments workbook 
  

Learning goals 

• You understand how the degree of economical development and the urbanisation rate influence the formation of slums 
• You can explain with a map or photo how a slum changes
• You know the most important reasons for the living and working problems in a megacity

Megacity in a poor country 

• In 1990, 2.3 billion people lived in cities, now its more than 4 billion
• Growth mainly in the periphery and semi-periphery

Megacity in a poor country 

•  The urbanisation rate  in Africa is 11 times as high as in Europe

What is a consequence of this? 

Megacity in a poor country 

•  The urbanisation rate  in Africa is 11 times as high as in Europe

What is a consequence of this? 

More than half of the city population lives in slums

Explain the difference between urbanisation rate and the degree of urbanisation

Growing slums

Factors that influence the formation of slums:

• Low economical development 
• High urbanisation rate

Megacities in Africa: 2018 

• Lagos: fastest growing city in Africa 
• Urbanisation rate Lagos: 5.8% (Netherlands: 0.70%)
• Almost 60% of the people in Lagos live in slums 

Megacities in Africa: 2030

• Johannesburg, Dar es Salaam en Luanda will also have more than 10 million in habitants

Newest slums

• Built from tin, cardboard and wood
• No facilities 
• On the outskirts of the city 

Older slums 

• Government provides basic facilities: road, sewers and electricity
  
• Residents can renovate their homes 
• Become working-class neighborhoods that are (finally) part of the city 

Newest slum

Older slum 

Development of slums

Phase 1: Newest slum

Phase 2: We can stay!

Phase 3: Let's build

Phase 4: High, higher, highest

Phase 5: Slum becomes a middle-class neighborhood

Phase 6: Becomes a part of the city 

Older slums

Newest slums 

Built from tin, cardboard and wood

No facilities 

On the outskirt of the city 

Has roads, sewers and electricity  

Renovated homes 

Became middle-class neighborhoods 

Dhaka - Bangladesh

• Watch the video about Dhaka
• Write down which problems there are in the city Dhaka 

www.npostart.nl

Which problems does the megacity have?

Working in a megacity in a less economically developed country 

• Formal sector 
• Informal sector

Explain the difference between the formal sector and the informal sector

The informal sector is...

.... the lubricating oil (smeerolie) of the urban economy

.... the springboard (springplank) to a better future 

Why are both statements true?  

Today

• Videoclip 
  
• Explanation § 2.4 
  
• Assignments workbook 
  

Start homework

• Make §2.4: assignment 1, 2, 4 and 7 
  
• Finished? maken assignment 6