Sir Gawain and the Green Knight plus introduction to Arthur.

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4,5

Lesson aims: 

- Learn the basics about king Arthur and the Knights of the round table. 

- Learn  about chivalry

- Hear about the first adventures of Sir Gawain

- Take a look at the text in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. 

Watch the following video for an introduction of Arthur and his knights of the round table. 

Who is Sir Gawain?

What is Sir Gawain meant to portray?

What are the most important virtues for a knight?

An important feature of Arthurian Legend is the concept of Chivalry. 

Answer the questions on the next two slides. Or, if you don't remember, go online to find the answers. 

1. What is chivalry ?

2. What are the most important rules of chivalry?

Watch the video for a short description of the story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 

Now read Background: The story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 

When does the story begin?

1. Christmas Eve
2. Christmas Day
3. New Year's Eve
4. New Year's Day

Which two colors are mentioned in the opening lanes and what do they represent?

A huge green knight enters the castle and challenges the knights. What is the challenge?

1. He wants them to take a swing at him with his own axe
2. He wants to hit them with an axe
3. He wants them to follow him to the Green Chapel
4. He wants to see them again a year and a day later

Why does Gawain volunteer?

1. Because King Arthur tells him to
2. Because he is in love with Queen Guinevere and wants to impress her.
3. Because he thinks he is useless and expendable
4. Because he wants to show off his bravery

What happens after Gawain decapitates the Green Knight?

1. The Green Knight dies
2. The Green Knight gets up and leaves without his head.
3. The Green Knight gets up, picks up his head and leaves
4. The Green Knight picks up his head, promises to meet Gawain a year and a day later and leaves.

When does Gawain set out to meet the Green Knight?

1. On Christmas Day
2. On New Year's Eve
3. On All Saint's Day
4. On All Hallow's Day

Gawain takes a vow of chastity before he leaves. What is chastity?

1. No food
2. No drink
3. No killing
4. No sex

Why does Gawain stay behind at the castle instead of going on a hunt with the lord of the castle?

1. He doesn't like to kill animals
2. He is tired and needs to rest
3. He is afraid he will run into the Green Knight
4. He wants to seduce the lady of the castle

Which word best describes the arrangement Gawain and the lord of the castle make?

1. Reciprocity
2. Cowardice
3. Insanity
4. Arrogance

What does Gawain give to the lord on the first day in exchange for the deer?

What is the green girdle supposed to do?

1. Make one rich
2. Make one strong
3. Make one invincible
4. Make one live longer

How does Gawain break the code of chivalry?

What moral failings does Gawain show in his confrontation with the Green Knight?

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A huge green knight enters the castle and challenges the knights. What is the challenge?

1. He wants them to take a swing at him with his own axe
2. He wants to hit them with an axe
3. He wants them to follow him to the Green Chapel
4. He wants to see them again a year and a day later

Why does Gawain volunteer?

1. Because King Arthur tells him to
2. Because he is in love with Queen Guinevere and wants to impress her.
3. Because he thinks he is useless and expendable
4. Because he wants to show off his bravery

What happens after Gawain decapitates the Green Knight?

1. The Green Knight dies
2. The Green Knight gets up and leaves without his head.
3. The Green Knight gets up, picks up his head and leaves
4. The Green Knight picks up his head, promises to meet Gawain a year and a day later and leaves.

Which word best describes the arrangement Gawain and the lord of the castle make?

1. Reciprocity
2. Cowardice
3. Insanity
4. Arrogance

Question 1. How does Gawain behave towards the lady of the castle?

• He is very chivalrous. In other words, he behaves exactly as one would expect of a knight: he is polite towards her, he flirts with her a little and he promises to serve her.

Question 2. What is the most striking aspect of the lady's behaviour?

• She leads the conversation, actively trying to seduce Gawain. However, she does not seem disappointed that he rejects her advances

Question 3. Why does Gawain resist her advances? 

• His quest matters more than anything else, 
   ‘[he] had little love / To spare from his sorrowful quest, which he might not / forestall.’
• he has made a vow of chastity, which he is not prepared to break. 
• It might also be that he doesn’t dare accept the lady’s advances, because of his agreement with the lord of the castle.

Question 4 . write down an example of alliteration from lines 1-15

Question 4 . Identify the alliterative words in lines 1 to 15

• line 3 snug/streams, while/walls
  
• line 4 coverlets/canopied
  
• line 5 drowsing/dimly
  
• line 6 small/sound
  
• line 8 lifts/little, corner/curtain
  
• line 10 lady/lovely/look
  
• line 11 draws/door
  
• line 13 sinks/soundlessly
  
• line 14 steps/steals
  
• line 15 brushes/back, curtain/cautiously/creeps

Question 5. Which famous mediaeval poem is alliterative throughout?

Question 6. Explain: in this poem the 4 short rhyming lines are used as a cliffhanger. 

• Like the closing scene of a soap opera, the final four lines leave the audience wondering what is going to happen in the next part.

Question 7. How does Gawain behave when he meets the Green Knight?

• At first, he is not very chivalrous: despite his magic belt, he is scared and he fails to keep the agreement, insofar as he flinches when the Green Knight swings his axe. Only once the belt has done its job does Gawain become talkative again. When it comes to light that the belt belongs to the Green Knight, Gawain recognises that he hasn’t behaved nobly and regrets what he has done.

Question 8. What parallels are there between Gawain's encounter with the lady and his meeting with the Green Knight?

• In both encounters, Gawain shows reluctance: first to be seduced by the beautiful lady, and later, to be slain by the Green Knight. In both cases, his reputation is consequently questioned and he is goaded for his reluctance: the lady challenges Gawain by referring to his reputation as a lover, while the Green Knight challenges him by drawing attention to his reputation as a knight

Question 9. How is is that the Green Knight is able to recognise the belt Gawain is wearing?

Question 10. Why did the Green Knight want to test Gawain and why did he send his wife to Gawain?

The Green Knight says that he was bewitched by the famous witch Morgan le Fay. She wanted to know whether the reputation of Arthur’s knights was deserved, and to frighten Guinevere by

confronting her with the Green Knight. The Green Knight probably wanted to help Gawain by sending his wife to give him the magic belt. It is not clear whether the spell is broken once Gawain has passed the test.