4.3 Materials of the skeleton

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

4.3 Materials of the skeleton

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This lesson

• Recalling 4.2
• Learning goals
• New information with questions (+ video)
• (Home)work

 Name the bones

Phalanges

Femur

FIbula

Skull

Hip bone

Clavicle

Humerus

Tekst

thighbone

bones of the foot

shinbone

fibula

bones of the hand

kneecap

Learning goals

• What is cartilage and where in the skeleton can you find it?
  
• What is a bone made of?
  
• How is a bone renewed and repaired?
  
• How does a bone grow?

tissue types

Epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, connective tissue, nerve tissuebone and cartilage are made up out of connective tissue

• cartilage (flexible)
  
• bone (hard and and unbending)

4 types of tissues

• Epithelial tissue
• muscle tissue
• connective tissue
• nerve tissue

Bone                                           Cartilage

Name this type of tissue.

1. Cartilage
2. Bone

Name this type of tissue.

1. Cartilage
2. Bone

Which tissue is this?

1. Bone tissue
2. Cartilage tissue
3. Nervous tissue
4. connective tissue

Where do you find more cartilage bone in the human body?

1. Skull
2. Femur
3. Ear
4. Humerus

Let's have a look inside the bone.

Layers of the bone

1. Periosteum (pare-ee-OS-tee-um)

-membrane that contains nerves and blood vessels (new bone cells are made here)

2. Compact bone

3. Spongy bone

4. Bone marrow (in the flat bones it produces blood cells)

Next slide is a video

Write down any words you did not understand

Write down any words you did not understand

'Old Bonetissue' is broken down bij  osteoclasts.

New Bone is made by osteoblasts.

Osteoporose vs healthy bone

Osteoporosis:

Due to old age and a lack of calcium and collagen the bones become very weak. This happens more in elderly women than with elderly men.

Growing

Growth plate = A special layer of cartilage cells inside the head of each long bone which helps to grow new bone cells so the bone becomes longer.

How do doctors predict your estimated final length?

Doctors use the size of the growth plate to predict the final height of a person. They measure the growth plate in the metacarpals. The thicker the growth plate, the more a person can still grow.

 Left: the metacarpals of a two year old. Right: the metacarpals of an eighteen-year-old.

I can explain the following learning goal:
What is cartilage and where in the skeleton can you find it?

I don't understand it and need more explanation

I don't understand it but i'll try reading my textbook first

I understand it, but I can't explain it

I understand it and I can explain it to someone else

I can explain the following learning goal:
What is a bone made of?

I don't understand it and need more explanation

I don't understand it but i'll try reading my textbook first

I understand it, but I can't explain it

I understand it and I can explain it to someone else

I can explain the following learning goal:
How does a bone grow?

I don't understand it and need more explanation

I don't understand it but i'll try reading my textbook first

I understand it, but I can't explain it

I understand it and I can explain it to someone else

(Home)work

Excercises: 18 - 27