Mastering Advanced Passive Forms

Mastering Advanced Passive Forms

Learning Objective

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to understand, recognize and make advanced passive forms.

Introduce the topic to the students and explain what they will be able to do at the end of the lesson.

What do you already know about passive forms?

Passive Voice: An Overview

Passive voice is a grammatical construction where the subject of the sentence is acted upon, rather than doing the action. In a passive sentence, the subject receives the action of the verb.

Explain the concept of passive voice and provide examples. Encourage students to participate by asking them to identify examples of passive voice.

Forming Passive Sentences

To form a passive sentence, you need a form of the verb 'to be' and the past participle of the main verb. The subject of the sentence is often preceded by the preposition 'by'.

Provide a step-by-step guide to forming passive sentences. Emphasize the importance of using the correct form of 'to be' and the past participle. Provide examples for students to practice forming passive sentences.

Active vs Passive Voice

In an active sentence, the subject is performing the action, while in a passive sentence, the subject is receiving the action. Active sentences usually have a more direct and energetic tone, while passive sentences can be more impersonal or objective.

Compare and contrast active and passive voice. Encourage students to identify the tone and purpose of each sentence construction.

Advanced Passive Forms

Advanced passive forms include the present and past perfect passive, the modal passive, and the passive infinitive. These constructions allow for more nuanced and complex sentences.

Introduce the concept of advanced passive forms and explain why they are useful. Provide examples and ask students to try forming their own advanced passive sentences.

Present Perfect Passive

The present perfect passive is formed with the present tense of 'to have' + been + past participle. It is used to describe an action that started in the past and continues up to the present.

Provide clear examples of the present perfect passive and explain its uses. Ask students to practice forming present perfect passive sentences.

Past Perfect Passive

The past perfect passive is formed with the past tense of 'to have' + been + past participle. It is used to describe an action that was completed before another past action.

Provide clear examples of the past perfect passive and explain its uses. Ask students to practice forming past perfect passive sentences.

Modal Passive

The modal passive is formed with a modal verb (can, could, may, might, must, should, or would) + be + past participle. It is used to describe a possibility or necessity.

Provide clear examples of the modal passive and explain its uses. Ask students to practice forming modal passive sentences.

Passive Infinitive

The passive infinitive is formed with 'to be' + past participle. It is used to describe an action that has not yet been completed.

Provide clear examples of the passive infinitive and explain its uses. Ask students to practice forming passive infinitive sentences.

Changing Active Voice to Passive Voice

To change an active sentence to a passive one, you need to make the object of the active sentence the subject of the passive sentence. The subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the preposition 'by'. The verb is changed to the appropriate form of 'to be' + past participle.

Provide a step-by-step guide to changing active voice to passive voice. Encourage students to practice changing active sentences to passive ones.

Identifying Passive Voice

To identify passive voice, look for the form of 'to be' + past participle. Also, look for the preposition 'by' before the subject.

Provide examples of passive sentences and ask students to identify the form of 'to be' and the past participle. Encourage them to look for the preposition 'by' before the subject.

Practice Exercise

Complete the following sentences with the appropriate passive form: 1. The cake ________ (bake) by my mom. 2. The report ________ (write) by the intern. 3. The car ________ (repair) by the mechanic.

Provide a practice exercise for students to complete. Encourage them to share their answers with the class for review.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Common mistakes include using the wrong form of 'to be', using the wrong past participle, and forgetting to include the preposition 'by'.

Identify common mistakes that students may make when forming passive sentences. Encourage them to be mindful of these mistakes when practicing.

Passive Voice in Writing

Passive voice can be useful in writing when you want to emphasize the action or object of a sentence, rather than the person performing the action. However, it can also make writing sound dull or impersonal if overused.

Discuss the use of passive voice in writing and provide examples. Encourage students to experiment with using passive voice in their own writing.

Active Voice in Writing

Active voice is generally preferred in writing because it is more direct and engaging. It can also help to clarify the meaning of a sentence and make it easier to understand.

Discuss the use of active voice in writing and provide examples. Encourage students to experiment with using active voice in their own writing.

Quiz

True or False: The present perfect passive is used to describe an action that was completed before another past action. Answer: False

Provide a quiz for students to test their knowledge of passive voice and advanced passive forms. Review the answers as a class.

Summary

Passive voice is a grammatical construction where the subject of the sentence is acted upon, rather than doing the action. Advanced passive forms include the present and past perfect passive, the modal passive, and the passive infinitive. When using passive voice in writing, be mindful of the tone and purpose of the sentence.

Summarize the key points of the lesson and emphasize the learning objective. Encourage students to practice forming passive sentences and to experiment with using passive and active voice in their own writing.

References

Include a list of references used in the lesson, such as grammar books or online resources.

Provide a list of resources that students can use to continue learning about passive voice and advanced passive forms.

Write down 3 things you learned in this lesson.

Have students enter three things they learned in this lesson. With this they can indicate their own learning efficiency of this lesson.

Write down 2 things you want to know more about.

Here, students enter two things they would like to know more about. This not only increases involvement, but also gives them more ownership.

Ask 1 question about something you haven't quite understood yet.

The students indicate here (in question form) with which part of the material they still have difficulty. For the teacher, this not only provides insight into the extent to which the students understand/master the material, but also a good starting point for the next lesson.