5.3 The eye

• Science
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 1

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Your phone rings. The sound of the phone ringing is a stimulus.

Sensory receptors in your ear receive the sound and change it into nerve impulses.

The nerve impulses travel along neurons to your brain: you become aware of your phone ringing.

The brain sends its own nerve impulses along other neurons to your arm muscle.

Your arm muscle contract and you pick up the phone = response. Your muscles are called effectors because they make the response possible.

5.3 the eye

In this section you will answer:

What are the parts of your eye?

What do the parts of your eye do to help you see?

How can vision problems be corrected?

Zorg dat de juiste onderdelen van de buitenkant van het oog op de juiste plek komen te staan.

Bovenste ooglid: beschermt het oog tegen uitdroging, fel licht en voorwerpen die niet in het oog horen.

Oogwit: ookwel het harde oogrok genoemd, biedt stevigheid aan het oog.

Pupil: kan groter en kleiner worden door spiertjes in de iris. Hierdoor wordt de hoeveelheid licht die het oog binnenkomt geregeld.

Wimpers: zorgen ervoor dat stofdeeltjes niet je ogen in komen.

Onderste ooglid: beschermt het oog tegen uitdroging, fel licht en voorwerpen die niet in het oog horen.

Traanbuis: deze buis voert het traanvocht af naar de neusholte.

Wenkbrauw: zorgt ervoor dat zweet, vuil en andere deeltjes niet het oog in komen.

Iris: door pigment wordt de kleur van de iris bepaald. Ook zorgen de spiertjes van de iris dat de pupil groter en kleiner kan worden.

What are the names of these parts of the eye?

retina

Pupil

Lens

Hieronder staan vijf delen van het oog van de mens. Door welke van de genoemde delen gaan de lichtstralen achtereenvolgens voordat ze impulsen in het oog kunnen veroorzaken?

retina

lens

cornea

pupil

vitreous body

Outside anatomy

Eye is protected by:

Skull
(eye socket)

The eye

Notes

• Eyebrow (wenkbrauw): Protects the eye against sweat and other liquids (vloeistoffen)

• Eyelashes (wimpers): protects the eye against dirt and bright light

• Sclera (harde oogvlies): white of the eye. The eye muscles are attached to the sclera

• Pupil: The pupil lets light into the eye.

Notes

Eye muscles (oog spieren): they move the eye 

Cornea (hoorvlies): The iris and the pupil are covered by the transparent cornea.

Iris: The coloured part of the eye

Eye muscles

Cornea

Iris

Notes

The wall of an eye consists of three layers:

Sclera: white of the eye, protects, shape, move

Retina (netvlies): Contains sensory cells.

Optic nerve: transmits the impulses to the brain.

Fovea (gele vlek): Where you see most sharply

Blind spot (blinde vlek): there are no sensory cells on the blind spot

Cross-section of the eye

Notes

Tear glands (traanklieren): produce tears

 Vitreous body (glasachtig lichaam): Jelly-like mass

Lens: makes you see sharply

The Hermann Grid

• The high contrast black and white areas fool the eyes into perceiving a gray circle at each intersection

CONES and RODS

in your retina

- are sensory receptors

- specialised cells

- can receive light and make a nerve impuls

rods seeing in black and white, need little light

cones seeing in color, need lots of light

The fovea has a lot of cones.

In the blind spot there are no cones and no rods, only your optic nerve.

Comparing CONES and RODS

the lens

Als de lens bol is kan je dichtbij scherp zien

Als de lens plat is kan je veraf scherp zien

Accommoderen = scherpstellen

Need glasses?

Farsigthed? 

Dichtbij onscherp, bolle lens / positieve lens (+)

Nearsighted?

Veraf onscherp, holle lens / negatieve lens (-)

www.bioplek.org

biologiepagina.nl

eyelid

tearduct

tear gland

eyebrow

eyelash

A muscle that controls the size of the pupil

Transparent outer part of your eye

Hard structure forming the outside of the eye

Sends electrical impulses from the eye to the brain

Changes size to adjust the amount of light

Changes size to adjust the amount of light

Photosensitive layer of cells at the back of the eye

Fluid that fills the middle of the eye

Cornea

Lens

Pupil

Iris

Optical nerve

Retina

Sclera

Vitreous body

GET TO WORK

5 tasks    

 you can use your own plan 

you have to learn about the eye, during the entire time in class

*this lessonup with instructions, is on Itslearning!!!

 

INSTRUCTIONS

#1: workbook 5.3: make and check individual

#2: two online worksheet  - individual

        https://www.liveworksheets.com/ih998294jo

        https://www.liveworksheets.com/sj1583981yi

        *save a print screen of your checked work

#3: cross word puzzle the eye - on paper - duo/pair

#4: biological drawing of the eye: - duo/pair

        *name all the parts + their function

        *rules to make a biological drawing

Tekenregels

www.liveworksheets.com

www.liveworksheets.com

Hand in print screen of checked worksheet #1.

Hand in a print screen of checked worksheet #2.