English speaking countries - NEW ZEALAND

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AOTEAROA - NEW ZEALAND

Land of the Māori, Kiwis, silver fern and the All Blacks.
Land of beautiful beaches, breathtaking fjords and snowcapped mountains.

No wonder for Lord of the Rings was filmed here!

Let's explore New Zealand.

Intro

New Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses: the North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and the South Island (Te Waipounamu) and over 600 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island country by area and lies east of Australia across the Tasman Sea.

1) New Zealand history

Polynesian settlement

Between 1320 and 1350 CE, when the main settlement period started, after it was discovered and settled by Polynesians, who developed a distinct Māori culture. Like other Pacific cultures, Māori society was centred on kinship links and connection with the land.

Abel Tasman

New Zealand was first spotted on December 13, 1642 by Dutch navigator Abel Tasman. Tasman is also the man who gave Tasmania and the Tasman sea its name.
The name comes from the Dutch province Zeeland. His encounter with the Māori didn't go to well so he left quickly and did not return.

James Cook

British explorer James Cook, reached New Zealand in October 1769 with his ship the Endeavour. His encounter with the Māori did also not go well, but luckily they had a tahua (priest) from Tahiti named Tupaia on board who could act as an interpreter between him and the Māori. Probably saving his and his men's lives.

Tupaia

Tupaia had to flee Ra’iātea and befriended Joseph Banks who worked on board of the Endeavour.
The early Polynesian settlers who later became the Māori, also came from Ra’iātea, but 500 years earlier. This is why the Māori could understand Tupaia. They thought that Tupaia was the boss, not Cook. 

First European settlers

There was minimal immigration to New Zealand directly after 1769 when Captain James Cook first visited the islands. Between 1805 and 1835 the European population grew very slowly. Most Europeans were itinerant sailors. 

Treaty of Waitangi

On 6 February 1840, the Treaty of Waitangi was signed between the United Kingdom and various Māori chiefs at Waitangi. On 21 May 1840, New Zealand entered the British Empire. Disputes over the differing versions of the Treaty and settler desire to acquire land from Māori led to the New Zealand Wars from 1843.

New Zealand flag

New Zealand coat of arms

Women's suffrage

Fun Fact – New Zealand was the first country to give women the right to vote in 1893!

2) New Zealand flora & fauna

Kiwi

Kiwis are flightless birds the size of chickens. 

Kakapo

A species of large, nocturnal, ground-dwelling parrot. 

They can get as heavy as 4 kilos and are flightless. They can grow as old as 100 years.

Silver Fern

The Silver Fern is a species of medium-sized tree fern, endemic to New Zealand. The fern is usually recognisable by the silver-white colour of the under-surface of mature fronds. It is a symbol commonly associated with the country both overseas and by New Zealanders themselves.

The Silver Fern

The Silver Fern 

on an All Blacks shirt

3) Indigenous people

Origins

Māori are the indigenous Polynesian people of mainland New Zealand. Settlers from East Polynesia, who arrived in New Zealand in several waves of canoe voyages between roughly 1320 and 1350. Over several centuries in isolation, these settlers developed their own distinct culture.

Ta Moko

Tā moko is the tattooing as customarily practised by the Māori.

Tohunga-tā-moko (tattooists) were considered tapu, or inviolable and sacred. Most high-ranking persons received moko. Moko were associated with mana (the supernatural) and high social status.

Traditionally Tā moko was chiseled into the skin.

This left the skin with grooves rather than a smooth surface. 

Haka

The haka are a variety of ceremonial dances, traditionally performed by both men and women for a variety of social functions within Māori culture. New Zealand sports teams' performances of a haka to challenge opponents before matches has made the dance form more widely known around the world.

Language

English is the offical language of New Zealand alongside Te Reo Māori.
Some expressions in Te Reo Māori:

Kia ora - Hello

Mōrena - Good morning

Nau mai, haere mai - Welcome

Kei te pēhea koe? - How are you?

Kei te pai - Good

Ka kite anō - See you later

www.maorilanguage.net

4) Culture

Modern day NZ

Today’s New Zealanders are outdoorsy, friendly, strong and innovative people.
While the majority of Kiwis are of British descent – often referred to as ‘Pakeha’ –many originate from the Pacific Islands or Asia. The largest non-European group is the Māori population.

Spare time

People in New Zealand are called Kiwis (after the bird, not the fruit)..

They love outdoor activities like rugby, cricket, surfing, skiing, SUP-ing and hiking.

Barbecues and picnics are popular ways to enjoy the sunny weather.

Food

Kiwis enjoy a mix of traditional Māori and modern foods.Things like for instance Pavlova, a famous dessert topped with fresh fruits.
And where the Australians are famous for their barbie , New Zealanders have their Hangi, a traditional Māori feast cooked in an earth oven.

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National holidays

1. Waitangi Day (6th February) Celebrates the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840.
2. ANZAC Day (25th April)
3. Remembers soldiers who fought in World War I and II.
4. Christmas Day (25th December) & Boxing Day (26th December)

Celebrated with summer barbecues and beach trips.

Different vibe from Dutch winter Christmas!

New Zealand assignment

End Product – Diorama

Divide into groups of no more than 4.

Diorama must have 3 sections: 1) History, 2) Flora & Fauna, 3) Indigenous people and 4) Culture.

Each student is responsible for researching and creating one section within the diorama.

Assign roles (e.g., researcher, designer, builder, presenter).

Use a shoebox.