Chapter 6 The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution
The age of citizens and steam engines
1 / 23
next
Slide 1: Slide
GeschiedenisMiddelbare schoolvwoLeerjaar 2

This lesson contains 23 slides, with interactive quizzes and text slides.

time-iconLesson duration is: 120 min

Items in this lesson

The Industrial Revolution
The age of citizens and steam engines

Slide 1 - Slide

What is a revolution?

Slide 2 - Open question

What is a revolution?
A revolution is a change from one -often political- system to another, in a relatively short time.
The industrial revolution: 1750 - 1900

Why do historians still call this development a revolution?

  • Looking at the history of the human race 150 years is still relatively short
  • It impacted and changed society so greatly that it's effects still last today.

Slide 3 - Slide

What do you already know about the Industrial Revolution?

Slide 4 - Mind map

Are these inventions from before or during the Industrial Revolution?
Before the I.R.
During the I.R.
Locomotive
Telescope
Rifle
Dynamite
Land mines
Photograph
Spinning Jenny
Water turbine

Slide 5 - Drag question

6.1: The Industrial Revolution

Slide 6 - Slide

Goals
  • The students can give a definition for the concept of revolution. 
  • The student can evaluate to what extent the concept revolution is applicable to the time period of 1750-1900

  • The student can give differences between agricultural societies and industrial societies
  • The student can explain at least four causes of the Industrial Revolution in Great-Britain
  • The student can explain the causes and effects of urbanisation.

Slide 7 - Slide

Causes of the I.R. (Why Great Britain?)
  • Great Britain had gone through an agricultural revolution since the seventeenth century This caused an abundance of food → population grew enormously → higher demand for products.
  • People were interested in technology and progressinventors and entrepreneurs, inspired by the problem, invented new machines and researched different energy sources to produce more in a shorter time (Spinning Jenny, water frame, steam power)→Those machines were too big and were placed in the first factories.
  • There were a lot of natural resources in Great Britain (iron ore, coal).
  • Great Britain had many colonies. They would get resources from there and sell their finished products for profit.

Slide 8 - Slide

Look at the map: Where would you build a factory? 

Write down your answer in your notebook + your arguments

Slide 9 - Slide

Where would you build a factory? Write down the name of the village/town/area and explain your reasoning.

Slide 10 - Open question

Effects of the I.R.
Industrialisation led to a decline in the agricultural sector (machines taking over many jobs) → unemployed people moved to the city to find work → growth in the industrial and service sector. Examples:
  • Factory
  • Banking
  • Education
  • Transportation

Urbanisation = the process by which more and more people leave the countryside to live in the city

Slide 11 - Slide

Drag and drop to finish this overview.
candles / oil lamps
Modern Age
horses / walking
steam locomotive
much
manual
agricultural urban society
machines

Slide 12 - Drag question

cause
effect
Were the statements below causes
 or effects of the Industrial Revolution?
Factories were built to house the big, new machines.
Entrepreneurs were willing to invest in new inventions.
Homeworkers could now work much faster than before.
The first machines led to unemployment of homeworkers.

growth of cities

population growth

Slide 13 - Drag question

Assignments
Do question 4, 5, 6 and 9 of paragraph 6.1

Slide 14 - Slide

6.2: The Social Issue

Slide 15 - Slide

Goals
  • The student can explain the difference between the estates system and the class system
  • The student can explain what capitalism is and what kind of effects it has on 19th-century society
  • The student can explain what socialism is and what kind of effects it has on 19th-century society


Slide 16 - Slide

The class system 
Before the Industrial Revolution, most societies were divided into estates. Your ancestry would usually decide your estate.

During the industrial revolution, this changes to a class system. Your class is based on your income. How wealthier, how higher the class.

Slide 17 - Slide

Drag the groups of people to the correct class
The upper class
The Middle Class
The Working Class
Factory owners
Factory workers
Doctors
Professors
Bankers

Slide 18 - Drag question

Capitalism
Capitalism = an economic system in which making profit and private ownership are essential. It’s all about making as much profit as possible.

Who benefited from this system?
  • the upper and middle class. You need money to be able to invest and thus make a profit.
What was the effect of capitalism in the 19th century?
  • Since employers wanted to make a profit, they would give their workers low wages.



Slide 19 - Slide

Working conditions in the factories
  • Long hours, but low wages --> everyone of the family had to work to survive (child labour)
  • Adults operated the machines, while children did work as chimney sweeps or had to crawl into narrow spaces in mines or under machines to pick up cotton.
  • Dangerous, monotonous, etc.

Slide 20 - Slide

Living conditions in the industrial cities
  • Special neighbourhoods for factory workers. 
  • Families had to share one room that was often very small and badly insulated (cold in winter, damp and hot in summer) 
  • The streets were filthy because people had no toilets or clean water supply. They threw their waste on the streets --> attracted rats and other vermin. These animals and polluted water caused diseases such as Cholera and Typhus, killing countless people.

Slide 21 - Slide

Look at the source. Give a short description in your own words
of the living conditions, you see in the source.

Answer with correct Enligh sentences

Slide 22 - Open question

Copy this table in your notebook and complete it with the information in paragraph 6.2 
What is Socialism?
What did socialists want to achieve?
How did they try to achieve this?
What did they achieve?
Important socialists

Slide 23 - Slide