Grammar - Have to, must and should for obligation and advice

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Have to, Must and Should

Did you spot the mistake??

Instructions

As you watch the video, look at the examples of have to, must and should. They are in red in the subtitles. Then read the following slides to learn more. Finally, do the grammar exercises to check you understand, and can use, have to, must and should correctly.

Oliver and Alfie visit the local pet shop, where they are surprised to see Amy. Meanwhile, something is on Sophie's mind ... 

learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org

When do we use have to / must / should + verb ?

• to talk about obligation, things that are necessary to do, or to give advice about things that are a good idea to do.

• Must and have to are both used for obligation and are often quite similar. They are both followed by the infinitive 
  

I must go now. / I have to go now.

Are these exactly the same?

base verb - without "to"

Example: to talk, to walk are the verb but when we say " walk,/ talk"  this is known as the infinitive. 

Well, almost......

We often use must for more personal opinions about what it is necessary to do, and have to for what somebody in authority has said it is necessary to do.

Have to shows us that the obligation comes from somebody else. It’s a law or a rule and the speaker can’t change it.

Do you have to wear a uniform at your school?

John can’t come because he has to work tomorrow.

In Britain you have to buy a TV licence every year.

Obligation: Something that you need to do

Must shows us that the obligation comes from the speaker. It isn’t a law or a rule. 

I must call my dad tonight.

You must hand in your homework on Tuesday or your mark will be zero.

You must come and visit us the next time you come to London.

Have to is more frequent in conversation; must is used more in formal writing, for example in written notices.

No obligation

We use don’t have to to show that there is no obligation. You can do something if you want to but it’s not compulsory.

It’ll be nice if you do but you don’t have to come with me if you don’t want to.

You don’t have to dress up for the party. Wear whatever you feel comfortable in.

Finally....

There’s something very important about must and have to. The positive forms are very similar in meaning, but the negative forms are completely different.

You mustn’t forget ...(don’t forget - you have no choice)

If you don't like him, you don't have to see him again. (there is no obligation to see him again, but you have a choice) (NOT You haven't to see him again)

Mustn't

Should

Have to

Call the emergency services if you have a cold 

drive on the right side of the road in the UK

use your mobile phone during an exam

show your passport or identity card to get on a plane.

be seventeen to drive a car in the UK.

complete a lot of exams, study and training to be a doctor.

arrive at the airport early in case there are delays.

show your passport or identity card to get on a plane.

always get enough sleep before driving a car.

Choose the correct option.

1. You must to see the Chrysler Building when you're in New York.
2. You must see the Chrysler Building when you're in New York.
3. You have see the Chrysler Building when you're in New York.

Choose the correct option.

1. You don't have to wear uniform in the sixth form.
2. You haven't to wear uniform in the sixth form.
3. You mustn't wear uniform in the sixth form.

Choose the correct option.

1. You really should going and see a doctor about that.
2. You really should to go and see a doctor about that.
3. You really should go and see a doctor about that.

Choose the correct option.

1. He don't should talk to people like that.
2. He doesn't should talk to people like that.
3. He shouldn't talk to people like that.

Example answers

Go to class

forget your homework

wear a uniform

Bring your own lunch

Buy a ticket

Speak during the film

go with a parent

Buy popcorn

Wear a facemask

Forget your bags

Buy everything you see

Bring a shoppinglist

Wear swimwear

Forget your swimming goggles

go down the slide

bring a ball to play with

Instructions:

 Work Individually. For each place on your grid, think of one thing you MUST do there, one thing you MUSTN’T do, etc.

Draw this table in your notebook

Extra material:

Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1. trainers get new should some You 
   
2. it shouldn’t about worry He
3. don’t to pay have You
4. fruit ! salad should try this You
5. class You late mustn’t for be

Extra practice

Have to - complete exercise 8a,b and c in workbook on page 52

Discussion

Have you got a pet? If you haven't got one, what kind of pet would you like? What are the advantages and disadvantages of having that particular animal? 

Homework:

Make the bouwstenen 12 and 45 this week.

Work on your oral exam