§1.3/1.4 The Respiratory system

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

1.3 The respiratory system

 REVISION 

The photosynthesis reaction is:

... + 'energy' --> Glucose + O2

1. CO2 & H2O
2. CO2
3. H2O
4. Sunlight

Animals get their energy from glucose

1. True
2. False

a bit

a lot

How much respiration?

Here comes a lot of names...

This lesson

- Parts of the respiratory system

Glucose + Oxygen --> Water + CO2 + 'energy'

Gases enter and leave our body through the respiratory system

A process called respiration

Nasal and oral cavity

Nasal and oral cavity

Pharynx

Swallowing

Choking

Trachea (windpipe)

Alveoli

The vocal cords can be found in the ...

1. Pharynx
2. Oesophagus
3. Epiglottis
4. Larynx

Which part separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity?

The branches of the windpipe are called ...

1. Bronchi
2. Bronchioles
3. Alveoli
4. Oesophagus

How does the body keep dust particles and bacteria from entering your respiratory system?

Exhaled air has a higher concentration CO2 than inhaled air

True

False

No change

§1.4 Breathing

- Gas exchange

- Mechanical process of breathing

What is the average respiratory rate for adults at rest?

1. 8-12 breaths per minute
2. 5-8 breaths per minute
3. 20-30 breaths per minute
4. 12-20 breaths per minute

Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?

1. Trachea
2. Alveoli
3. Pharynx
4. Bronchi

What gas do we inhale and exhale?

1. Carbon Dioxide
2. Nitrogen
3. Oxygen
4. Hydrogen

Which muscle contracts to cause inhalation?

1. Hamstring
2. Biceps
3. Diaphragm
4. Quadriceps

Respiration in cells

Glucose + Oxygen --> Water + CO2 + 'energy'

Oxygen enters the cells

CO2 leaves cells

Blood vessels transport these substances to and from the lungs

Alveolus/Alveoli

Alveoli

Very thin cell layers (± 1 cell thick)

Gases can flow freely from blood to alveoli and back

Breathing in

Breathing out

What role does the diaphragm play in blood movement during breathing?

1. It relaxes during exhalation, allowing blood to flow freely.
2. It contracts during inhalation, creating a vacuum for blood flow.
3. It relaxes during inhalation, slowing down blood flow.
4. It contracts during exhalation, pushing blood out of the lungs.

What causes deoxygenated blood to flow from the body to the lungs?

1. Pulmonary artery constricts and pulmonary veins constrict.
2. Pulmonary artery dilates and pulmonary veins dilate.
3. Pulmonary artery constricts and pulmonary veins dilate.
4. Pulmonary artery dilates and pulmonary veins constrict.

What happens to blood vessels during inhalation?

1. Blood vessels dilate to increase blood pressure.
2. Blood vessels constrict to increase blood pressure.
3. Blood vessels dilate to decrease blood pressure.
4. Blood vessels constrict to decrease blood pressure.

Mechanical breathing

Two types:

- Chest breathing

- Abdominal breathing

Chest breathing

Abdominal breathing

Diaphragmatic breathing is used during / in...

1. your sleep and while resting
2. action
3. both
4. neither

When should diaphragmatic breathing exercises be practiced?

1. Only in the morning
2. Before bedtime
3. After heavy meals
4. Any time of day

How does diaphragmatic breathing differ from shallow breathing?

1. Involves rapid breaths
2. Targets the throat
3. Uses chest muscles
4. Engages diaphragm

What is the primary benefit of diaphragmatic breathing?

1. Improved vision
2. Muscle gain
3. Stress reduction
4. Weight loss

Which part of the body plays a key role in diaphragmatic breathing?

1. Diaphragm
2. Stomach
3. Lungs
4. Heart

What is diaphragmatic breathing also known as?

1. Rapid breathing
2. Shallow breathing
3. Chest breathing
4. Deep breathing

Put the organs in the correct order

Air enters the body

Gas exchange

Nasal cavity

Alveoli

Pharynx

Larynx

Bronchi

Bronchioles

Trachea

off to work

1.3 TO 1.4 

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